Body Fluids Flashcards

1
Q

Glucosuria

A

Abnormal glucose in urine

DM,alimentary glycosuria

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2
Q

Proteinuria or albuminuria

A

Abnormal protein in urine

Rental damage, nephritis, bladder infection

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3
Q

Ketonuria

A

Abnormal ketones in urine

DM, starvation, high fat diets

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4
Q

UTI

A

Pus leukocytes

Renal or bladder infection

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5
Q

Hemoglobinuria

A

Abnormal hemoglobin

Lysis of red blood cells

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6
Q

Jaundice

A

Abnormal bile pigments

Cirrhosis of liver, hepatitis, obstruction of common bile duct

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7
Q

Hyponatremia

A

Low sodium level <135mEq/L

Extra cellular

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8
Q

Hypernatremia

A

High sodium levels >155 mEq/L

Extracellular

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9
Q

Hypokalemia

A

Low potassium levels

<3 mEq/L

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10
Q

Hyperkalemia

A

High potassium levels

>5.6 mEq/L

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11
Q

Hypocalcemia

A

Low calcium

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12
Q

Hypercalcemia

A

High levels of calcium

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13
Q

Hyperchloremia

A

High levels of Cl causing retention of hydrogen=acidosis

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14
Q

Hypophosphatemia

A

Low phosphate levels

Failure of muscle and neurological function

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15
Q

Hyperphosphatemia

A

High phosphate levels

Renal failure and lack of phosphate excretion by kidneys

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16
Q

Acetate, lactate, gluconate

A

Processed in citric acid cycle

Leaves bicarbonate raising pH

17
Q

Acidosis

A

pH below 7.35

18
Q

Alkalosis

A

pH greater than 7.45

19
Q

Carbonic anhydrase

A

Changes carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid H2CO3