Body Fluids Flashcards
Extra cellular fluid
Consists of:
•interstitial fluid- fluid between cells
•intravascular fluid- fluid within the blood vessels
•transcellular- fluid around heart, eyes, lungs, CSF
- 1/3 of body fluid weight
Body fluid percentages
Adults are made up of 60% fluid
- Adult females tend to have less water in body due to more adipose tissue
- Infants are 70-80% water weight
Homeostasis is the goal
Balance of the fluids in compartments throughout the body
Osmosis
Movement of water across a membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area higher of salute concentration
Osmolarity level
280-300 mOs/I is normal in humans
-it is largely controlled by sodium
Sodium level
135-145 mEq/L is normal
Filtration
- Movement of water out and movement of water back in
- Happens at Capillary level
- osmotic pressure=filtration
Ideal intake and output
It is ideal to match the output with the intake
Thirsty?
- Thirst center is located in hypothalamus
- by the time you are thirsty you are already mildly dehydrated
- elderly do not recognize thirst sensation as easily
Intercellular fluid
- 2/3 of body fluid weight
- fluid that lives within cells
Antidiuretic hormone(ADH)
Released when osmolarity increases or blood volume decreases
- results in retention of water, decreased urine output
- released by posterior pituitary gland
Aldosterone
Released with stress or poor perfusion of blood to kidneys
- results in retention of sodium(and water)
- decreased urine output
- released from adrenal glands
Hypovolemia
- volume imbalance
- caused by excessive fluid loss(burns,diarrhea,sweating)
- may progress to hypovolemic shock if loss is rapid
- occurs in extra cellular space
Dehydration
- is a osmolarity imbalance
- caused by excessive fluid loss,more water than solute lost
- body fluids are too concentrated(usually high NA levels)
- osmolarity elevated
- fever,diarrhea,vomiting
A pint is a pound world round
If a patient gains a KG that is considered significant
