Body Fluids Flashcards
What are some functions of CSF?
Physical support/protection
control environment/remove waste
transport
T/F CSF usually is done with a lumbar puncture around L3/L4
true, it is usually clear and colorless
What is the order of tubes?
1 chem
2 micro
3 heme
4 extra
Describe xanthochromia
yellow color due to an older bleed
How do you distingush between a traumatic tap and hemorrhage
amount of blood
clot presense
centrifuge
What are some biochemical markers
glucose, protein, lactate, glutamine
(centrifuge samples)
Describe Glucose in CSF
what type of transport
how many hours prior
facillitate transport downhill
2-4 hrs prior
increased is not clinically significant >600
Descrease glucose causes what disorders
disorders in metabolism carriers
ex. bacteria/tumors
T/F: Consumption of glucose decreases lactate and anerobic glycolysis
false, increases lactate and anaerobic glycolysis
Protein in CSF
whatkind of infiltrate
Decrease of Protein is caused by ___
Increased protein caused by ___
selective ultra infiltrate + serum analysis
Dec of prt: dialysis
protein loss
leakage
Incr Prt: lysis of contam blood
permeability
obstruction
T/F: Leakage ID of CSF is used with B- transferrin and CSF and more preAlB than serum
true
T/F: the blood brain barrier is less permeable from bacteria and is diagnostic of infections w meningitis
false, it is more permeable with bacteria and not diagnostic of meningitis
Can ALB cross the BBB?
IgG?
What is the value for intact BBB
Yes, it can cross the bbb,
IgG can not
intact BBB is <9
What is the IgG index used for? what is its range?
Index used for diagnosis of demyelinating diseases like MS
<0.73
T/F: CSF electrophoresis is used for suspected MS
true
T/F: Increase serum ALB = Icreased CSF levels
true
Describe lactate
what kind of metabolism
increased lactate does what/what disease
time critical thing
anaerobic metabolism
increased lactate dec glucose = meningitis
sodium fluoride time critical
Describe Glutamine
increaed in what disease
ammonia and glutamate increased in hepatic encephalopathy
Describe serous fluid
location
membranes
what type of infiltrate
heart/lungs/abdominal cavitites
2 serous membranes
Parietal = wall
visceral = lines organs
ultrainfiltrate
Describe where pleural
pericardia
and peritoneal is
pleural - lungs
pericard - heart
periton - abdominal
Describe the formation of serous fluids
continuous hydrostatic pressure/oncotic pressure
Describe Effusion
accum of serious fluids (too much)
Describe transudate
systemic disorder distrupts fluid filtration
Describe exudates
occurs with inflamation and damage to walls
Describe pleural fluids
locations (paretal/viseral)
how much fluid
transudates
exudates
systemic (paretal)
bronchial (viseral)
3-20ml of fluid
Transudates: secondary to remote
Exudates: primary imm. attention/damage
Describe a thoracentesis
removal of pleural fluids
pH <7.2 infection
6.0 esophogus rupture
T/F Uric acid is high in exudates
false it is low
Describe pericardial fluid
similar to lungs
effusions around the heart and almost always EXUDATES
<50ml of fluid
Describe Peritoneal fluid
how much is disease
excess is called
what is the primary
> 50ml disease
excess fluid = ascities
primary is exudates
untrasounds
In peritoneal fluid, what is the transudate/exudates
neuts >250…
transudate - portal hypertension >1.1
exudates: prostates
neuts >250 peritonitis
Amnoic fluids
surrounds fetus
production/clearance
transudation across fetal skin
T/F: aminocentisis is with ultrasound
true
Describe hemolytic disease of the fetus
incompatitble fetal/maternal blood (rH type)
Describe neural tube defects
alpha fetal protein
Multiple of median
Describe Fetal lung maturity
prevents lung collapse
steroids given
PG/lecthin (L/S RATIO)
Describe lamellar body counts:
phospholipids produced by alveolar cells >50,000 good <15,000 bad
T/F PG is preformed with C/S ratio
true
Describe Sweat
greater than what to repeat
cystic fibrosis only test
>60 + repeat
affected by hydration
Describe synovial fluids
moveabel joints
mucoprotein hyaluronic acid
rarely more than 3ml
Add hyaluronidase
What is total protein of Synovial fluids
fasting
1-3g/dL
fasting- 6-8 hrs 10mg lower than serum
T/F: uric acid is used to rule out gout
true
6-8mg/dl
T/F: Lactice acid is usually <25mg/dL
1000 is septic arthritis
true
