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SCI 1020 - Anatomy & Physiology > Body Directions/Positioning/Regions/Planes > Flashcards

Body Directions/Positioning/Regions/Planes Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomical Position

A

Body is upright, forward facing, palms are forward facing with thumbs out
*unless otherwise stated, all motions are relative to the anatomical position

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2
Q

Fundamental Position

A

body is upright, forward facing, palms face the side of the body

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3
Q

medial

A

closer to the midline

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4
Q

intermediate

A

usually between a medial and lateral

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5
Q

lateral

A

further away from the midline

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6
Q

superior

A

describes a structure above another structure

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7
Q

inferior

A

describes a structure below another structure

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8
Q

proximal

A

closer to the trunk

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9
Q

distal

A

further away from the trunk

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10
Q

cephalad/cranial

A

refers to the head (or closer to the head)

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11
Q

caudal

A

refers to the foot (or closer to the foot)

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12
Q

anterior/ventral

A

front surface of the body or closer to the front than another position

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13
Q

posterior/dorsal

A

back side of the body or closer to the back than another position

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14
Q

superficial

A

a structure positioned closer to the skin

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15
Q

deep

A

a structure that is positioned deeper to the core of the body

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16
Q

supine

A

lying face up

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17
Q

prone

A

lying face down

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18
Q

bilateral (B)

A

both sides

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19
Q

contralateral (CL)

A

opposite side

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20
Q

ipsilateral (IL)

A

same side

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21
Q

upper extremities

A

arm, forearm, hand

22
Q

lower extremities

A

thigh, leg, foot

23
Q

trunk

A

thorax, abdomen (includes the pelvis)

24
Q

frontal/coronal plane

A

divides the body in half from front to back

25
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides the body from side to side

26
Q

transverse/horizontal plane

A

divides the body in half from top to bottom

27
Q

center of gravity (COG)

A

the point where the 3 cardinal planes intersect each other

28
Q

cardinal plane

A

when a plane passes through the midline of a part, it is referred to as a “cardinal plane”

29
Q

sagittal axis

A

runs front to back

30
Q

frontal axis

A

runs side to side

31
Q

vertical axis

A

runs top to bottom

32
Q

osteokinematics

A

term used to describe/name the movements that occur between bones and a joint

33
Q

flexion

A

increasing the angle of a joint, bringing the bone segments closer together

34
Q

extension

A

decreasing the angle of a joint, straightening of the bone segments away from each other (often a return to neutral from a flexed position)

35
Q

hyperextension

A

continuing extension beyond anatomical position

36
Q

palmar flexion

A

term used sometimes to describe flexion at the wrist

37
Q

dorsal flexion

A

term used sometimes to describe extension at the wrist

38
Q

abduction

A

movement away from the midline

39
Q

adduction

A

movement towards the midline

40
Q

horizontal abduction

A

abduction occurring on the transverse plane - can’t be done from anatomical position, first requires shoulder flexion

41
Q

horizontal adduction

A

adduction occurring on the transverse plane - can’t be done from anatomical position, first requires shoulder flexion

42
Q

radial deviation (RD)

A

hand movement laterally from anatomical position towards the thumb side - sometimes called “wrist abduction”

43
Q

ulnar deviation (UD)

A

hand movement medially from the anatomical position toward the little finger side - sometimes called “wrist adduction”

44
Q

internal rotation (IR)

A

medial rotation - the anterior surface rolls inward toward the midline

45
Q

external rotation (ER)

A

lateral rotation - the anterior surface rolls outward, away from the midline

46
Q

supination (SUP)

A

palm is facing forward in anatomical position, with elbow flexed the palm is up

47
Q

pronation (PRON)

A

palm is facing backward in anatomical position, with elbow flexed palm is down

48
Q

plantar flexion (PF)

A

flexion at the ankle where the foot moves toward the ground

49
Q

dorsiflexion (DF)

A

flexion at the ankle where the foot moves upward

50
Q

circumduction

A

circular movement of a limb, requires combined sequential movement of flexion, adduction, extension, and abduction motions

SCI 1020 - Anatomy & Physiology (4 decks)

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