Body Co-ordination

Question 1

Why do multicellular organisms have to have specialised systems?

Answer 1

As more cells come together it becomes harder for them to get nutrients from the environment

Question 2

What is homeostasis?

Answer 2

Maintenance of a constant internal environment despite changing external environment

Question 3

What are the two methods of communication in the body?

Answer 3

The Nervous system and the endocrine system

Question 4

What does a thermoreceptor do?

Answer 4

Detect touch, specifically temperature

Question 5

What do the mechanoreceptors do?

Answer 5

Detect touch

Question 6

What do the photoreceptors do?

Answer 6

Detect light

Question 7

What do the acoustic receptors do?

Answer 7

Detect sound

Question 8

What do the olfactory receptors do?

Answer 8

Detect smell

Question 9

What do the sapictive receptors do?

Answer 9

Detect taste

Question 10

How does the nervous system send information?

Answer 10

With electrochemical impulses

Question 11

How many parts make up the nervous system

Answer 11

2

Question 12

What is the central nervous system (CNS)

Answer 12

The brain and spinal chord.

Question 13

What is the peripheral nervous system?(PNS)

Answer 13

Network of interconnected nerves that travel throughout the body. They carry messages from the receptors to be the CNS and take instructions to the effectors

Question 14

What is the stimulus response pathway?

Answer 14

The way react to the changing environment. It is common to the nervous and endocrine systems

Question 15

What is a stimulus?

Answer 15

Any deviation form the normal state

Question 16

What is a receptor?

Answer 16

The receptor are special kinds of cells designed to detect a specific stimulus

Question 17

What is a control centre?

Answer 17

The part of the body that recognises the change and decides how to deal with the change

Question 18

What is the effector?

Answer 18

The part of the body that causes in response to the stimulus

Question 19

What is the response?

Answer 19

It is a return to normal conditions caused by the effectors

Question 20

What is a nerve made up of?

Answer 20

A bundle of cells called neurons

Question 21

What are the three types of neurons?

Answer 21

Sensory, motor and inter

Question 22

What are sensory neurons?

Answer 22

They are attached to the receptor

Question 23

What are motor neurons?

Answer 23

They are attached to muscles

Question 24

What are interneurons?

Answer 24

They connect neurons together

Question 25

What are dendrites?

Answer 25

Fibres that come off the cell body of a neuron that receive messages from other neurons

Question 26

What are axons?

Answer 26

Fibres that send messages to other neurons

Question 27

What is the myelin sheath?

Answer 27

A fatty coating that some neurons have which increase the of a nervous signal.

Question 28

What causes ms?

Answer 28

The degradation of the myelin sheath

Question 29

What is a synapse?

Answer 29

A small gap between neurons, the axons of one neuron do not touch the dendrites of another, the synapse separates them

Question 30

What is the presynaptic terminal?

Answer 30

The axon

Question 31

What is the postsynaptic terminal?

Answer 31

The dendrites

Question 32

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 32

Chemicals that are released from the presynaptic terminals and pass messages across the synapse to the postsynaptic terminal, which has complementary receptors.

Question 33

How do most drugs work?

Answer 33

By altering the normal function of the synapse

Question 34

What are agonists?

Answer 34

Drugs which stimulate neurotransmitters, binding to the receptor to initiate a response

Question 35

What are antagonists?

Answer 35

Drugs that bind to the receptors, blocking the neurotransmitters from binding and stopping transmission

Question 36

Reuptake inhibitors?

Answer 36

Drugs that block the reuptake of neurotransmitters makingtheir effect in the synapse longer and more pronounced

Question 37

What are hormones?

Answer 37

Hormones a chemical messengers that are secreted by glands

Question 38

Which travel faster, hormones or nerves?

Answer 38

Nerves travel much faster, as 100m/s

Question 39

What regulates hormones?

Answer 39

The control centre

Question 40

Where do hormones travel to?

Answer 40

The target cells(effector)

Question 41

What is hormones travel system?

Answer 41

Blood, phloem or haemolymph

Question 42

What makes up the endocrine system?

Answer 42

Glands that secrete hormones, e.g. Thyroid, adrenal, ovaries, testes and pancreas

Question 43

What is a fast hormone?

Answer 43

Adrenaline

Question 44

What is a slow hormone

Answer 44

Thyroxine

Question 45

Where do cells get their energy?

Answer 45

Cellular respiration