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Boards Review Final > Boards review 3 (hard) > Flashcards

Boards review 3 (hard) Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic hemolytic anemia

A

Bone marrow production of erythrocytes is increased; need to supplement with folic acid

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2
Q

Specific lab test for SLE

A

Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies

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3
Q

Divalprex

A

Long time to recurrence of mania in bipolar patient

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4
Q

Ventilation is most closely linked with

A

systemic arterial PaCO2

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5
Q

Emergent tx of variceal bleeding

A

Prophylactic antibiotics, octreotide administration, endoscopic procedure

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6
Q

Tx systolic HF in pregnant patients

A

Labetalol, hydralazine, loop diuretics, nitrates

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7
Q

myopia increases risk of

A

retinal detachment

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8
Q

Tx cocaine-induced myocardial ischemia

A

Nitrates, verapamil, diltiazem, aspirin

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9
Q

Women who have neurofibromastosis type.1 have increased risk of

A

breast cancer development

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10
Q

Preferred initial test for dx CF

A

DNA analysis

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11
Q

CI to placement of urinary catheter

A

Gross hematuria after pelvic trauma

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12
Q

Loss of DTR in the knee is most likely due to

A

femoral nerve involvement

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13
Q

Dx test for CO poisoning

A

Systemic arterial carboxyhemoglobin level

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14
Q

Adenomyosis is associated with

A

Diffuse enlargement of uterus

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15
Q

Klebsiella infection is increased in what kinds of patients

A

Immune compromised–DM, malignancy, COPD, renal disease, long term steroids

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16
Q

Risk factors for pseudomonas

A

Bronchiectasis due to CF, structural lung abnormalities, contaminated healthcare equipment

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17
Q

Which bacteria is someone with sickle cell more susceptible to

A

HIB, E coli, staph, salmonella (all encapsulated bacteria)

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18
Q

Vertebrobasilar artery insufficiency

A

Subclavian steal syndrome

Unequal BP in arms

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19
Q

Low voltage on ECG due to

A

Hypothyroidism

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20
Q

Silicone embolism presents as

A

Petechial rash, hypoxemia, fever, altered consciousness

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21
Q

Granular casts are a sign of

A

Acute tubular necrosis of the kidney

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22
Q

WBC casts + eosinophiluria

A

Interstitial nephritis

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23
Q

Polycystic kidney disease increases risk of

A

Cerebral aneurysm

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24
Q

Ombudsman

A

person who acts as an intermediary between the patient and an organization; represents the patient and works in the best interest of the patient

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25
Q

Durable power of attorney

A

Health care decisions

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26
Q

Power of attorney

A

Can make all decisions

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27
Q

HIPAA passed in

A

1966

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28
Q

Claim based policy

A

 If NP changes job, they are not covered by malpractice insurance if it dates back to even when they had a job

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29
Q

Occurrence based policy

A

 Malpractice policy that is not affected by job changes or retirement

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30
Q

Medicare coverage

A

 Automatic at age 65 if you paid the premiums when you were working
 Also covers person with end stage renal disease at any age

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31
Q

Medicare Part A

A
  • Pays for inpatient hospitalization, hospice care, home health care, skilled nursing facility
  • Does not pay for nursing homes or retirement homes
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32
Q

Medicare Part B

A
  • Outpatient
  • Voluntary; monthly premiums
  • Lab tests covered, durable medical equioment, CT scans, etc
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33
Q

Medicare Part D

A

Prescriptions

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34
Q

Medicaid

A

 Low income individuals; children, pregnant women, parents, seniors, individuals with disabilities

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35
Q

Borrelia Burgdorferi

A

Lyme disease

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36
Q

Stage 1 Lyme disease

A

Erythema migrans

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37
Q

Stage 2 Lyme disease

A

 Months later
 Rash may appear with multiple lesions with arthalgias, myalgia, HA, fatigue
 Heart block and bell palsy may occur

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38
Q

Stage 3 Lyme disease

A

 1 year after initial infection

 Joint pain, memory problems, depression, neuropathy

39
Q

Preferred tx for alcohol withdrawal sx when concomitant hx of hepatic disease

A

Lorazepam

40
Q

What can be used to tx tachy and tremor of alcohol withdrawal

A

Clonidine

41
Q

Campral

A

Does not cause unpleasant effects when drinking

42
Q

If pt has G+ infection and is allergic to penicillin

A

Give azithromycin or clindamycin

43
Q

Screening test for temporal arteritis

A

ESR

44
Q

Sensitivity

A

True positive

45
Q

Specificity

A

True negative

46
Q

What does trauma to Kiesselbachs plexus cause

A

anterior nosebleed

47
Q

Alpha thalassemia more common among

A

Asians

48
Q

Neovascularization, hard exudates, cotton wool spots, microanuerysms

A

Diabetic retinopathy

49
Q

AV nicking, silver/copper wire arterioles

A

Hypertensive retinopathy

50
Q

Tx cutaneous anthrax

A

Cipro for 8 weeks

If allergic, give Doxy

51
Q

Tx Barret esophagus

A

High dose PPI for lifetime

52
Q

Cutaneous larva migrans

A

Hook worm
rashes shaped like red raised wavy lines; red and very pruriitc
Tx: Ivermectin or Albendazole

53
Q

Buergers disease

A

Ischemic changes and gangrene of the hands and fingers

54
Q

How much iron do menstruating women lose

A

2mg/day

55
Q

Highest B/C failure rate

A

Cervical cap

56
Q

Most common sx of toxoplasmosis

A

Headache

57
Q

Atrial gallop

A

S4

58
Q

Major risk of RBC transfusion

A

Cytomegalovirus infection

59
Q

Liver flap

A

nonrhythmic flapping of the wrists and hands associated with hepatic encephalopathy, uremia and respiratory acidosis

60
Q

Risk factors for renal cancer

A

Tobacco use and analgesic abuse

61
Q

Prostatodynia

A

Sx of prostatitis but without infection

62
Q

Glucosamine sulfate

A

Natural supplement that can be used for OA

63
Q

Long and narrow face with prominent forehead and chin and large ears

A

Fragile X

64
Q

ECG of therapeutic levels of digoxin

A

Cupped ST segments

65
Q

Risks for pancreatitis

A

Gallstones, excessive ETOH, elevated triglycerides, thiazide diurtics, blunt abdominal trauma

66
Q

Labs in pancreatic cancer

A

amylase not effected

May have elevated total and direct bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase

67
Q

PE of MVP

A

May have pectus excavatum or scoliosis

68
Q

Aortic stenosis leads to

A

LVH

69
Q

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

A

Murmur gets louder when standing

70
Q

Who may have a benign split of S2

A

Young athletes

71
Q

Early finding in chronic renal failure

A

Persistent proteinuria

72
Q

Edema, urinary RBC casts, proteinuria, hypertension

A

Glomerulonephritis

73
Q

WHen does Cr clearance increase

A

With age, in men, and with hypertension

74
Q

most common incontinence in elderly

A

urge

75
Q

Functional urinary incontinence occurs with

A

Delirium, fecal impaction, manual dexterity, immobility

76
Q

How much protein loss in the urine indicates significant glomerular disease

A

> 3.5g

Requires kidney biopsy

77
Q

What meds can cause hematuria

A

ACEI, NSAIDs and aminoglycosides

78
Q

Risk factors for urinary tract cancer

A

Obesity, smoking, asbestos

79
Q

Most common cause of acute renal failure

A

Acute tubular necrosis

80
Q

Osmolality in azotemia

A

Increased in pre-renal

Decreased in intra-renal

81
Q

BP in coarctation of aorta

A

Higher in arms than in legs

82
Q

AV valves

A

Mitral + Tricuspid

83
Q

SL valves

A

Aortic + pulmonic

84
Q

Where is split S2 best heard

A

2nd ICS, RSB

85
Q

Carotid stenosis puts pt at risk for

A

Stroke and CAD

86
Q

Ranson’s criteria

A 
For admission for pancreatitis 
	Age >55
	WBC >!6,000
	Glucose >200
	Base deficit >4
	LDH >350
	AST >250
87
Q

Onset of sx after food poisoning with staph

A

1-4 hours

88
Q

Onset of sx after food poisoning with salmonella

A

12-24

89
Q

Minimal dehydration

A

<3% body weight

90
Q

Moderate dehyrdation

A

3-9% body weight

91
Q

Severe dehydration

A

> 9% body weight

92
Q

Enterobiasis infection

A

Pinworms

Perform scotch test early in the morning for several days

93
Q

Tx Giardia

A

Metronidazole

94
Q

Labs in liver failure

A

Low BUN, high ammonia

Boards Review Final (4 decks)

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