BME 2102 Module 12- ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AND STRESS MANAGEMENT

Question 1

involves making things different

Answer 1

Change

Question 2

change activities that are intentional and goal oriented. Example: A major automobile manufacturer spent several billion dollars to install state-of-the-art robotics.

Answer 2

Planned change

Question 3

change that just happen

Answer 3

Unplanned change

Question 4

are the persons are responsibility for managing change activities. Change agents can be managers or nonmanagers, current employees of the organization, newly hired employees, or outside consultants

Answer 4

Change agents

Question 5

Communicating the logic of a change can reduce employee resistance on two levels.
1) it fights the effects of misinformation and poor communication,
2) communication can help “sell” the need for change by packaging it properly

Answer 5

Communication

Question 6

Involvement of employees in change decision can reduce resistance and obtain their commitment

Answer 6

Participation

Question 7

Counselling and therapy and providing employees training for new skills required, may help them adjust to changes

Answer 7

Building support and commitment

Question 8

If people trust their managers, they usually are more willing to accept changes

Answer 8

Develop positive relationships

Question 9

One way organizations can minimize negative impact is to make sure change is implemented fairly

Answer 9

Implementing change fairly

Question 10

refers to covert influence attempts

Answer 10

Manipulation

Question 11

combines manipulation and participation

Answer 11

Cooptation

Question 12

Research suggests the ability to easily accept and adapt to change is related to personality—some people simply have more positive attitudes about change than others

Answer 12

Selecting people who accept change

Question 13

This is the application of direct threats or force on the resisters. Some examples include threatening of transfers, blocked promotions, negative performance evaluations, among others.

Answer 13

Coercion

Question 14

Kurt Lewin argued that successful change in organizations should follow three steps: unfreezing the status quo, movement to a desired end state, and refreezing the new change to make it permanent.

Answer 14

Lewin’s Three-Step Model

Question 15

is a change process based on the systematic collection of data and then selection of a change action based on what the analyzed data indicate.

Answer 15

Action Research

Question 16

a collection of planned change methods that try to improve organizational effectiveness and employee well-being.

Answer 16

Organizational Development

Question 17

There is no such things as a separate discipline of “change management” because all management is dealing with constant change and adaptation

Answer 17

Managing paradox

Question 18

is a paradox because it requires building on the past while rejecting it at the same time

Answer 18

Learning

Question 19

is a paradox because it calls for setting direction and leading while requiring empowerment and flexibility

Answer 19

Organizing

Question 20

is a paradox between creating organization-wide goals to concentrate effort and recognizing the diverse goals of stakeholders inside and outside the organization.

Answer 20

Performing

Question 21

is a paradox between establishing a sense of collective identity and acknowledging our desire to be recognized and accepted as unique individuals.

Answer 21

Belonging

Question 22

which states the key paradox in management is that there is no final optimal status for an organization.

Answer 22

paradox theory

Question 23

a new idea applied to initiating or improving product, process, or service.

Answer 23

Innovation

Question 24

is an organization that has developed the continuous capacity to adapt and change. In this organization, people put aside their old ways of thinking, learn to be open with each other, understand how their organization really works, form a plan or vision everyone can agree on, and work together to achieve that vision.

Answer 24

A learning organization

Question 25

is a term applied to the pressures people feel in life

Answer 25

Stress

Question 26

is any force creating the stress reaction.

Answer 26

Stressor

Question 27

stressors associated with workload, pressure to complete tasks, and time urgency.

Answer 27

Challenge stressors

Question 28

stressors that keep you from reaching your goals (for example: red tape, office politics, confusion over job responsibilities)

Answer 28

Hindrance stressors

Question 29

are responsibilities, pressures, obligations, and uncertainties individuals face in the workplace.

Answer 29

Demands

Question 30

are things within an individual’s control that he or she can use to resolve the demands

Answer 30

Resources

Question 31

Three main types of environmental uncertainty: economic uncertainties, political uncertainties, and technological uncertainties

Answer 31

Environmental factors

Question 32

pressures to avoid errors or complete tasks in a limited time, work overload, a demanding and insensitive boss, and unpleasant coworkers

Answer 32

Organizational factors

Question 33

related to a person’s job, include the design of the job, working conditions, and the physical work layout

Answer 33

task demands

Question 34

related to pressures placed on a person as a function of the particular role he or she players in the organization.

Answer 34

role demands

Question 35

are pressures created by other employees

Answer 35

interpersonal demands

Question 36

factors in the employee’s personal life. These factors include family issues, personal economic problems, and inherent personality characteristics.

Answer 36

Personal factors

Question 37

maintaining a to-do lists, schedule activities based on priorities, doing the hard tasks first, blocking out distraction-free time to accomplish tasks.

Answer 37

Time-management techniques

Question 38

such as aerobics, walking, jogging, swimming, and riding a bicycle

Answer 38

Noncompetitive physical exercise

Question 39

such as meditation, hypnosis, and deep breathing

Answer 39

Relaxation techniques

Question 40

provides someone to hear your problems and offer a more objective perspective on a stressful situation than your own.

Answer 40

Expanding your social support networks