Blue Book 3 Flashcards
With sulfonamides and codeine patients need to drink lots of
Water
How should your stomach be when taking penicillin and erythromycin
Empty
Do not give tetracycline with what products; to this type of patient, or before the age of __
Milk
Pregnant
8 (damaged to tooth enamel)
Remember to have patients drink —— when taking Thorazine
Lots of water to prevent constipation
* remember drugs, that end in “-zine” are major tranquilizers that also cause pseudo Parkinson’s, or EPDs
Give allopurinol with ____ and lots of ___; what is this drug?
Meals and water; anti-uric acid used to treat gout and the purine, build up seen in chemotherapy for cancer
Define Ménière’s disease
Famous triad of symptoms in Ménière’s disease
This occurs in more women or men; of what age
What electrolyte is given to people with Ménière’s disease?
An increase in endolymph in the inner ear, causing severe vertigo
Sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus vertigo
Women; 40 to 60
Ammonium chloride
What is a surgery done for Ménière’s?
What disease often follows labyrinthectomy
What should the client avoid after surgery? What will their diet look like?
Labyrinthectomy
Bell’s palsy facial paralysis will go away in a few months
Sudden movements and increased sodium food ; low salt
Meningitis is an inflammation of the ___ of the ___ and spinal; caused by ___, ___ and ___
For most common organisms that has meningitis
Meninges of the brain and spinal cord can be caused by viruses, bacteria and chemicals
Pneumococcus
Meningococcus
Streptococcus
H. Influenza
Kernigs sign is positive when there is pain in the ___ when attempting to straighten the leg with ___ flexed
What type of isolation with a patient with meningitis be on
Patient with meningitis should be on what type of precautions
Knee; hip
Droplet
Seizure
MS affects more men or women; what age group; what is the first sign?
Why are adrenocorticotropic hormone and prednisone given during acute MS?
Diet of a patient with MS
Women; 20 to 40; blurred or double vision
To decrease edema in the demyelination process
Acid ash
In myasthenia gravis there is a disturbance in the transmission of impulses in the _____ _____
Number one sign of MG is
What neurotransmitter is problematic in MG? What class of drugs is used to treat MG?
Neuromuscular junction
Severe muscle weakness
Acetylcholine ; anticholinesterases
What ending do a anticholinesterases have
Are they sympathetic or parasympathetic?
They will have a sympathetic or cholinergic side effects
-stigmine (& aricept)
Parasympathetic
Cholinergic - they were mimic the parasympathetic nervous system
What surgery can be done for MG?
If a patient has MG what will be the results of the Tensilon test
Thymectomy (removal of the thymus)
The patient will show dramatic, sudden increase in muscle strength
What is the most important thing to remember about giving Mestonin and other anticholinesterases?
With or without food- why
They must be given exactly on time
With, about half hour before eating to help strengthen muscles of swallowing
What equipment should be at the bedside of an MG patient?
Suction apparatus and tracheostomy/endotube
Two types of crisis that an MG patient can have
Number one danger in both crisis
Cholinergic (too much mestinon)
Myasthenic (not enough)
Respiratory arrest
Three most common complications after MI are
Cardiogenic shock
Arrhythmia
CHF
Most common arrhythmia after MI
Premature ventricular contractions (PVC)
What cardiac enzymes indicate an MI
What serum protein rises soon after myocardial cell injury
Elevated CPK
LDH
SGOT
Troponin
What drugs are used to treat PVCs of MI
Lidocaine
What is disequilibrium syndrome?
(In hemodialysis)
What are the symptoms?
Syndrome resulting went too much fluid is exchanged during hemodialysis to quickly
Change in LOC
N/V
Headache
Twitching
Hemophilia a is a deficiency of factor number
During an acute bleeding episode, you should apply —— for 15 minutes and apply —-
8
Pressure and ice
Treating Hemarthrosis you should —- that extremity above the —-
Elevate, heart
What skin symptoms do you see in hepatitis?
In hepatitis the —- are light colored
Pruitis and jaundice- both due to bilirubin accumulation
Stools ; remember, the urine is dark and stools are light
What three drugs are given for shingles
Acyclovir - antiviral
Anticonvulsant -given to stabilize nerves
Steroids - antiinflammatory
Which client should have their toenails trimmed only by an MD
Diabetics and pts with peripheral vascular disease
Hypertension is an intermittent or sustained elevation in the systolic/diastolic
What four organs does hypertension affect the most
How many measurements must be made before you can say a person has hypertension
Diastolic
Brain -stroke
Eyes -blindness
Heart -MI
Kidney -renal failure
At least three
What bp is considered HTN?
Which pressure is the most damaging an increase in systolic or diastolic
What class of drugs is used to first treat HTN
Anything greater than 140/90
Diastolic
Diuretics
Two most common dietary prescriptions for hypertension
Two non-dietary lifestyle changes
Calorie reduction for weight loss and sodium restriction
Decrease stress and increase activity
In Hypovolemic shock there is a —- in the circulating —- volume, this —- tissue perfusion with —-
What happens to the pulse pressure in hypovolemic shock; bp will increase or decrease
Heart rate & RR will increase or decrease
Decrease; blood; decreases; oxygen
It narrows ; decrease
Increase
First two signs of hypovolemic shock
Treatment of hypovolemic shock
Change an LOC in tachycardia
Replace blood and fluids
What causes thrombophlebitis after a hysterectomy?
Venous stasis in the abdomen
