Blood Vessel Quiz

Question 1

What is the purpose of our cardiovascular system?

Answer 1

To transport blood to and from every living cell in the body

Question 2

What is the purpose of our blood?

Answer 2

To deliver oxygen, nutrients, water, hormones, and white blood cells to each cell
To remove waste from the cell

Question 3

What are the 3 main types of blood vessels and how do they differ?

Answer 3

Arteries: Carry Oxygenated blood AWAY from the heart to the body cells.

Capillaries: Tiny blood vessels that CONNECT arteries and veins at the body cells.

Veins: Carry Deoxygenated blood back TO the heart from the Body Cells.

Question 4

What type of tissue is blood?

Answer 4

Connective Tissue

Question 5

Plasma

Answer 5

The liquid, non-cellular matrix of blood.
55% of Blood Volume.

90% water, 10% solutes: gases, nutrients, proteins, electrolytes, hormones

Question 6

Platelets
(Thrombocytes)

Answer 6

<1% of Blood Volume
Not True Cells- only cell fragments
JOB: to help clot damaged blood vessels (called hemostasis)

Question 7

Red Blood Cells
(Erythrocytes)

Answer 7

Carries 95-98% of oxygen gas
45% of blood volume
Hematocrit: the % of blood made up by erythrocytes; higher in males

Question 8

White Blood Cells
(Leukocytes)

Answer 8

<1% of blood volume
TRUE cells
Lifespan: 1-3 days
JOB: defense against disease

Question 9

Neutrophils
(A white blood cell)

Answer 9

Granular
Most numerous (50-70%)
Multi-lobed nucleus
Attracted to sites of inflammation
Use phagocytosis to engulf bacteria

Question 10

Eosinophils
(A white blood cell)

Answer 10

Granular
2-4% of white blood cells
Two-lobed nucleus
Use enzymes to digest parasitic worms

Question 11

Basophils
(A white blood cell)

Answer 11

Granular
Rarest >1%
Release histamine: an inflammatory chemical that attracts other white blood cells to the site of infection

Question 12

Lymphocytes
(A white blood cell)

Answer 12

25% of white blood cells
2nd most numerous
Large nucleus
Found in Lymph Nodes
Two Types: T CELLS & B CELLS

Question 13

Monocytes
(a white blood cell)

Answer 13

3-8% of white blood cells
Largest
have a U-shaped nucleus
Become macrophages: phagocytic cells that engulf viruses and other pathogens

Question 14

Granulocytes VS Agranulocytes

Answer 14

The granulocytes have 4 lobes and agranulocytes are single lobes.

Question 15

Formed Elements

Answer 15

Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
Leukocytes (white blood cells)
Thrombocytes (platelets).

Question 16

Hemoglobin

Answer 16

A protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.

Question 17

Fragmentation

Question 18

Where are red blood cells produced?

Answer 18

Bone Marrow

Question 19

What is the red blood cells lifespan? What is the name of this process?

Answer 19

About 120 days
Erythropoiesis

Question 20

How are red blood cells broken down when they die?

Answer 20

They get engulfed by macrophages

Question 21

What is hemostasis and why is it important?

Answer 21

Hemostasis is the series of reactions that stops the bleeding when a blood vessel wall breaks; it provides time for the blood vessel to heal itself. It is important because without it we would bleed out.

Question 22

Who are the important players in hemostasis?

Answer 22

Erythrocytes (red blood cells)
Collagen Fibers
Proteins
Von Willebrand Factor
Inactivated platelets
Activated Platelets
Fibrin

Question 23

What events occur during the 3 stages of hemostasis?

Answer 23

1. Vascular Spasm
2. Platelet Plug Formation
3. Coagulation

Question 24

What happens when we receive a mismatched blood type during a transfusion?

Answer 24

The donor blood cells are treated as foreign invaders so the patient’s immune system attacks the given blood.

Question 25

What are the 8 blood types? - What antigens are present - What antibody's are present - Which blood types they can donate to - Which blood types they can receive from

Answer 25

±O, ±A, ±B, ±AB Antigens = The blood type plus RH factor if they have it Antibodies = The thing the blood doesn't like the opposite to the Blood type