Blood Vessel Diseases Flashcards
What is the inner layer of a blood vessel and what lines it? The second layer is? The outer layer?
The inner layer is the intima made of endothelium, the media is the middle layer made of smooth muscle. The adventitia is the outer layer and made of connective tissue
Where do berry aneurysms usually occur?
At the intersection of branches, specifically at the circle of Willis
Berry aneurysms are the most common cause of?
Significant subarachnoid hemorrhage
What is the symptom of a berry aneurysm rupturing?
Severe sudden headache
What is the most type of aneurysm?
Abdominal aortic
Where does this usually occur?
Below the renal arteries
What are the risk factors for this?
Hypertension, Marfan syndrome, atherosclerosis, age
What are the two shapes of true aneurysms
Saccular or fusiform
What are possible causes of aneurysms?
Trauma, congenital, infection or systemic diseases
What is an example of a congenital aneurysm?
Berry aneurysm
What is an example of an infection that can lead to aneurysm?
Syphilis
What is a false aneurysm?
When the adventitia is keeping the blood from fully leaking out although the vessel has ruptured. Leads to a hematoma
What is a dissection?
Creation of a false channel within the media or muscular wall
Where does an aortic dissection usually occur?
Near the ascending aorta
What happens during a chest dissection?
Outward rupturing that leads to catastrophic hemorrhage and severe chest pain
