Blood Vessel Anatomy Flashcards
pulmonary vessels
transport blood from the right ventricle of the heart through the lungs and back to the left atrium
systemic vessels
transport blood from left ventricle of the heart through all parts of the body and back to the right atrium
functions of blood vessels
1.carry blood
2.exchange nutrients, waste products, gases within tissues
3. transport substances
4. regulate blood pressure
5. direct blood flow to tissues
what are arteries?
-carry blood AWAY from heart
-thick with a lot of elastic tissue
what are veins?
- carry blood TOWARD heart
-thinner with less elastic tissue
Capillaries
exchange occurs between blood and tissue fluids
general blood flow
blood flows from arteries > arterioles > capillaries > venules >small veins > returns to heart
tunica intima
-innermost layer
-simple squamous
tunica media
-smooth layer
-smooth muscle with elastin & collagen fibers
Tunica adventitia
-outermost layer
-connective tissue
elastic arteries
-largest in diameter
-thickest walls
-ex- aorta & pulmonary trunk
Muscular arteries
-medium to small size
-thick in diameter
-contain smooth muscle cells
-can control blood flow to body regions
structure of capillaries
-thinnest blood vessel
-single layered wall
-simple squamous endothelium ONLY
medium sized veins
collect blood from small veins and deliver to large veins
large veins
contain valves
what are the 3 major systems that blood flows through throughout the body
systemic, pulmonary, hepatic portal
blood vessels that carry blood from RV to lungs and beck from LA of heart is ?
pulmonary circulation
pulmonary trunk
- blood pumps from RV towards lung
-splits R/L pulmonary arteries
pulmonary veins
exit lungs and carry O2 rich blood to LA
Systemic Circulation
starts from heart (LV) through the aorta then branches to different regions of the body
ascending aorta
passes superiorly from left ventricle
aortic arch
3 major arteries which carry blood to head and upper limbs
descending aorta
extends through thorax and abdomen to pelvis
divisions of the descending aorta
Thoracic- extends through thorax to diaphragm
abdominal- extends from diaphragm through abdomen and pelvis where it divides at common iliac arteries
Brachiocephalic artery
supplies blood to right side of head and neck and upper limb
Left common carotid artery
supplies blood to the left side of head/neck
Left subclavian artery
supplies blood to left upper limbs
what are the branches of aortic arch
- Brachiocephalic artery
- Left common carotid artery
- left subclavian artery
- Right common carotid artery
- Right subclavian artery
Right common carotid artery
supplies blood to right side of head/neck
Right subclavian artery
supplies blood to right upper
limbs
1.External Carotid Artery
2.Internal Carotid Artery
1.face and scalp
2.brain
arteries of the upper limbs.
Axillary arteries
Brachial arteries
Ulnar arteries
Radial arteries
Arteries off the abdominal wall
Blood Supply to:
*Digestive organs
*Kidneys/Bladder
*Liver
*Back/Abdominal
Muscles
*Reproductive
Organs
Celiac trunk arteries
supply blood to stomach, pancreas, spleen, liver, upper duodenum
Superior mesenteric arteries
supply blood to small intestines and first portion of colon
Inferior mesenteric arteries
supply blood to colon
Common iliac arteries
branches from abdominal aorta
External iliac arteries
supply blood to lower limbs
Internal iliac arteries
supply blood to pelvic area
Arteries of lower limbs
-Femoral arteries: Thigh
-Popliteal arteries : Knee
-Anterior and posterior arteries: Leg
-Fibular arteries: Lateral leg
Superior vena cava
- returns blood from head, neck, thorax, and upper limbs
- empties into right atrium
Inferior vena cava:
- returns blood from abdomen, pelvis, lower limbs
- empties into right atrium of heart
External jugular vein
- drain blood from head and neck
- empties into subclavian veins
Internal jugular vein
- drain blood from brain, face,
neck - empty into subclavian veins
Subclavian veins
drain into brachiocephalic veins
Brachiocephalic veins
drain into superior vena cava
Brachial veins
empty into axillary vein
Cephalic veins (superficial)
empty into axillary vein and basilic vein
Median cubital veins (superficial)
- drains into cephalic vein
- anterior to elbow
- used for blood drawing
Internal iliac vein
- drains blood from pelvic region
- empties into common iliac vein
External iliac vein
- drains blood from lower limbs
- empty into common iliac vein
Renal Vein
Blood from the kideys
Femoral veins
drain blood from thigh empty into external iliac vein
Popliteal veins
drain blood from knee and empty
into femoral vein
Great saphenous veins
drain from foot and empty into femoral vein
Hepatic Portal System
- Liver is a major processing center for
substances absorbed by intestinal
tract. - Blood must first pass through liver
before it enters systemic blood flow
Hepatic Portal Vein
Brings blood from capillaries of the
digestive tract to the capillaries of the
liver to be filtered
