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A&P > Blood Vessel > Flashcards

Blood Vessel Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of Capillaries

A

Exchange vessels and give body organs and tissue oxygen/nutrients

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2
Q

Tunica Externa Characteristics

A

Artery + Veins: Collagen fibers

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3
Q

Tunica Externa Functions

A

Artery: supports from vasoconstriction and vasodilating
Vein: prevents collapse of blood vessel and protection

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4
Q

Tunica Media Characteristics

A

Artery: Thicker smooth muscle and elastic fibers
Vein: Thinner smooth muscle and elastic fibers (less smooth muscle in general)

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5
Q

Tunica Media Functions

A

Artery: changes vessel diameter
Vein: allows vein to get wider or narrower as blood passes

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6
Q

Tunica Intima Characteristics

A

Artery: Small and thin endothelium layer, thin subendothelial layer, and thin internal elastic lamina (in general, thicker walls than veins)
Vein: larger and thin endothelium layer, thicker subendothelial layer, and thicker internal elastic lamina (has valve to prevent backflow in a pumpless system)

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7
Q

Tunica Intima Functions

A

Artery: provides structural support
Vein: allows fluid to flow smoothly and in one direction

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8
Q

Diastole

A

relaxation

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9
Q

Systole

A

contraction

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10
Q

What is used to measure blood pressure?

A

sphygmomanometer

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11
Q

Anastomoses

A

interconnections of blood vessels
ex. Arterial anastomoses in joints, abdominal organs, brain and heart
Venous anastomoses

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12
Q

Blood Pressure

A

Force blood exerts on walls of blood vessels

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13
Q

Pulse

A

expansion and recoil in an artery, radial to be exact

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14
Q

Lub

A

first heart sound; associated with the closure of the Av valves at the beginning of ventricular systole

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15
Q

Cardiac Cycle

A

One complete heartbeat where both atria and ventricles will contract and then relax.

Stages:
1. Complete diastole
- passive blood flow + low heart pressure

  1. Semilunar closed, AV valves open
    - atrial contraction, increased atrial pressure, blood gets forced into the ventricles
  2. Ventricular systole starts, intraventricular pressure increases, AV valves close
    - Aortic pressure reached 120mm HG, atria diastole and they fill with blood+ increased atrial pressure
  3. End of ventricular systole, ventricles relax, semilunar valves close, ventricles become locked chambers
    - when the semilunar close a momentary increase in aortic pressure
  4. Pressure fluctuation called dicrotic notch
    - as ventricles diastole, pressure drops
  5. Intraventricular pressure is less than atrial pressure, AV valves open and ventricles fill with blood again
    - atrial and aortic pressure decreases and ventricles rapidly fill

cycle complete

about .8 seconds

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16
Q

Lymphatic System Functions

A

transport lymph to the blood vessels, protect the body by removing foreign material from the lymphatic stream and site of lymphocyte multiplication

17
Q

Bone Marrow: Lymphatic function

A

maturation area for B lymphocytes and a primary lymph organ

18
Q

Spleen: Lymphatic function

A

Secondary lymph organ (where lymphoid cells first encounter antigens and are activated)
Filters blood as part of the immune system where old red blood cells are recycled and platelets and WBC are stored there

19
Q

Thymus: Lymphatic function

A

Primary lymph organ and where T lymphocytes mature

20
Q

Lymph nodes: Lymphatic function

A

Secondary lymph organ
Filters foreign material that travels through the lymphatic fluid

21
Q

Lymphatic vessels: Lymphatic function

A

picks up lymph

22
Q

3 areas where lymph nodes are most abundant

A

Inguinal nodes, axillary nodes, cervical nodes

23
Q

Right lymphatic duct drains:

A

right, upper side of the body, right arm and hand, right side of the head
- internal jugular vein
- entrance of right lymphatic duct into vein
empties into the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein

24
Q

Thoracic Duct drains:

A

whole left side of the body and inferior half
- cervical nodes
- axillary nodes
- Aorta
- inguinal nodes
- cristerna chyli
empties into the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein

25
Q

Structure of Capillaries

A

Endothelium with sparse basement membrane on the outside

26
Q

Lumen

A

Smaller in Arteries compared to Veins, veins being more blob like in structure

27
Q

Larger Arteries

A

Elastic arteries

28
Q

Smaller arteries

A

muscular arteries

29
Q

Dup

A

Second heart sound; happens as the semilunar valves close and corresponds with the end of systole

30
Q

Murmurs indicate…

A

issues with valves

31
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

systolic - diastolic

A&P (8 decks)

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