Blood Transfusion Reactions

Question 1

Type I HSRs?

Answer 1

1) Allergic rxn

2) Anaphylactic rxn

Question 2

Type II HSRs?

Answer 2

1) Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion rxn

2) Acute hemolytic transfusion rxn

Question 3

Pathogenesis of allergic rxn?

Answer 3

Rxn against plasma proteins in transfused blood

Question 4

S/S of allergic rxn?

Answer 4

Urticaria, pruritis, wheezing, fever

Question 5

How do you tx allergic rxns?

Answer 5

Antihistamine

Question 6

Pathogenesis of anaphylactic rxn?

Answer 6

IgA def pt receiving blood with IgA

Question 7

S/S of anaphylactic rxn?

Answer 7

Dyspnea, bronchospasm, hypotension, respiratory arrest, shock

Question 8

Pathogenesis of FNHTR?

Answer 8

Host Abs against donor HLA Ags and leukocytes

Question 9

S/S of FNHTR?

Answer 9

Fever, HA, chills, flushing

Question 10

Pathogenesis of acute HTR?

Answer 10

1) Intravascular hemolysis (ABO blood group incompatibility) OR
2) Extravascular hemolysis (host Ab rxn against foreign Ag on donor RBCs)
3) Ag-Ab complexes activate COMPLEMENT!

Question 11

S/S of acute HTR?

Answer 11

Fever, hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, FLANK pain, hemoglobinemia (intravascular) jaundice (extravascular), DIC, hemoglobinuria