Blood Transfusion Reactions

Question 1

Pathogenesis of Allergic Reaction

Answer 1

Type I hypersensitivity against plasma proteins in transfused blood

Question 2

Clinical Presentation of Allergic Reaction

Answer 2

Urticaria, pruritis, wheezing, fever

Question 3

Treatment for Allergic Reaction

Answer 3

Antihistamines

Question 4

Pathogenesis of Anaphylactic Reaction

Answer 4

Severe; IgA deficient individuals must receive blood products that lack IgA

Question 5

Clinical Presentation of Anaphylactic Reaction

Answer 5

Dyspnea, bronchospasm, hypotension, respiratory arrest, shock

Question 6

Pathogenesis of Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR)

Answer 6

Type II hypersensitivity; host Ab against donor HLA Ag and leukocytes

Question 7

Clinical Presentation of Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR)

Answer 7

Fever, headache, chills, flushing

Question 8

Pathogenesis of Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (HTR)

Answer 8

Type II hypersensitivity reaction; intravascular hemolysis (ABO incompatibility) or extravascular hemolysis (host Ab reaction against foreign Ag on donor RBCs)

Question 9

Clinical Presentation of Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (HTR)

Answer 9

Fever, hypotension, tachypnea, tachycardia, flank pain, hemoglobinemia (intravascular), jaundice (extravascular hemolysis)

Question 10

Type I hypersensitivity

Answer 10

Allergic reaction

Question 11

Type II hypersensitivity

Answer 11

Febrile Nonhemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR), Acute Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (HTR)