Blood transfusion

Question 1

Why transfuse blood?

Answer 1

Bleeding

Failure of production

Question 2

What are the ABO phenotypes?

Answer 2

Type A
Type B
Type AB
Type O

Question 3

Are blood groups A and B: dominant or recessive?

Answer 3

Dominant

Question 4

Is blood group O: dominant or recessive?

Answer 4

Recessive

Question 5

If blood group A, what do they have antibodies against?

Answer 5

B

Question 6

If blood group B, what do they have antibodies against?

Answer 6

A

Question 7

If blood group O, what do they have antibodies against?

Answer 7

A and B

Question 8

If blood group AB, what do they have NO antibodies against?

Answer 8

A and B

Question 9

What blood type is a universal donor?

Answer 9

Group O

Question 10

What can anti-D cause?

Answer 10

Transfusion reactions or haemolytic disease of the newborn

Question 11

What can RhD negative individuals make?

Answer 11

Anti-D if exposed to RhD+ cells

Question 12

What are indications for red cell transfusion?

Answer 12

• Correct severe acute anaemia (might otherwise cause organ damage)
• Improve QoL if uncorrectable anaemia
• Prepare for surgery/speed up recovery
• Reversal damage e.g. Sickle Cell Disease

Question 13

What time period at RBCs transfused over?

Answer 13

2-4hrs

Question 14

When are platelets indicated?

Answer 14

• Massive haemorrhage
• Bone marrow failure
• Prophylaxis for surgery
• Cardiopulmonary bypass

Question 15

What are the indications for fresh frozen plasma?

Answer 15

Massive haemorrhage
DIC with bleeding
Prophylactic

Question 16

What is the management of haemolytic disease of the newborn?

Answer 16

• Prevention using prophylactic anti-D
• Careful monitoringL antibody titres, doppler US, intrauterine transfusions
• Cellular therapies