Blood Therapy Flashcards
What are the main components of blood?
What are normal values in men, women, children, and newborns of the following?
Three main phases of hemostasis?
Name of all 13 clotting factors?
All clotting factors are produced in the liver except for?
Clotting factor pathway
What are genetic and aquired conditions leading to hypocoagulation?
What are genetic and aquired conditions that can lead to hypercoagulation?
What is DIC?
What disease states can cause DIC, and the physiological result?
Tests for DIC?
Common antiplatelet medications?
Common anticoagulation medications?
Coumadin (Warfarin)
Heparin (IV)
Low molecular weight heparain (Lovenox)
Factor Xa inhibitors (Xarelto, Eliquis)
Direct thrombin inhibitors (Pradaxa)
What does Coumadin do? Reversal?
What does Heparin do? Reversal?
What do Factor Xa inhibitors do?
What is fibrinolytic therapy? Common drugs?
Common antifibrinolytic drugs?
Normal things on a coagulation lab?
Normal values for prothrombin time?
Normal partial prothrombin time (PTT) values?
Normal thrombin time values?
Normal fibrinogen levels?
Normal activated clotting time (ACT)?
What are platelet function tests?
What is a thromboelastogram (TEG) and what does it tell you?
Method of testing blood coagulation efficiency
Normal
Coagulopathy/anticoagulants
Long R time
Reduced platelet function
Low MA
Primary fibrinolysis
High LY30
Hypercoagulable
Short R time, High MA
DIC - Stage 1
Hypercoagulable state with secondary fibrinolysis
DIC - Stage 2
Hypocoagulable state
What is DIC?
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition in which blood clots form throughout the body, blocking small blood vessels.
Name some causes of DIC?
How many different blood antigens are there?
ABO compatibilities with different blood products
The Rh system is what? Antibodies to D antigen usually develop to exposure from what?
What are the two main labs that are completed for blood compatibility?
How to read blood type results?
What is the incidence of reaction after type and screen? How long does it usually take?
What is the incidence of reaction after type and crossmatch?
What are the three phases of type and crossmatch?
What are estimated blood volumes (EBV) for neonates and adults?
How do you calculate allowable blood loss (ABL)?
Centrifuged yield of PRBC?
Centrifuged yield of the supernatant (platelets)?
What is added to whole blood after donation?
What is added to PRBC, and risks associated?
How much does 1 unit of blood (PRBC) increase hematocrit/hemoglobin?
What does stored blood do to the oxyhemoglobin curve?
With a hemoglobin between 6-10, what are things you should consider?
What does fresh frozen plasma (FFP) contain? What patient should you use with caution?
Indications for fresh frozen plasma (FFP)?
One unit of platelets increases PLTs by how much? When are they indicated?
What is cryoprecipitate? When is it indicated?
Steps you can take to ensure blood administration safety?
Blood administration setup?
What to do during emergency transfusions?
