Blood pressure Flashcards
<p>What are the main causes of hypotension?</p>
<p>Emotional stress, Dehydration, heat, Internal bleeding
</p>
<p>How is blood pressure measured?</p>
<p>millimetres of mercury (mmHg)</p>
<p>What is a systolic pressure?</p>
<p>The pressure when your heart pushes blood out</p>
<p>What is a diastolic pressure?</p>
<p>The pressure when your heart rests between beats</p>
<p>What are the main causes of hypertension?</p>
<p>Smoking<br></br>overweight, alcohol consumption, t<br></br>Stress<br></br>Genetics<br></br></p>
<p>What is blood pressure?</p>
<p>The measurement of the pressure of the blood on the blood vessel walls</p>
<p>What are the two measurements of blood pressure and unit of measurement?</p>
<p>Sytolic and diastolic</p>
<p>Measure in mm of mercury (mmHg)</p>
What is involved in the pre-procedure checlist for taking blood pressure
Collect the equipment ensuring the cuff is the appropraiate size
Identify yourself and gain patient
Explain the procedure
Perform hand hygiene and provide privacy
<p>When should you not take blood pressure?</p>
<p>Same arm as a mastectomy, arm with a tube or fistula, paralyzed limb</p>
<p>What should you do if the readings one each arm are different?</p>
<p>Take the higher reading of the two</p>
<p>How to postion the patient in order to take blood pressure?</p>
<p>Have the patient rest for 5 minutes</p>
<p>Position patient seated with feet flat and legs uncrossed or in supine postion</p>
<p>Position and support arm so that it is level with their heart and palm facing up</p>
<p>How to find manual blood pressure?</p>
<p>Place the stethosocope over the brachial artery and inflate cuff to start point</p>
<p>Deflate the cuff at a rate of 2-4 mmHg per second and listen for the first beat (systolic reading)</p>
<p>Then continue deflating the cuff until the sound disappears and note this number (diastolic reading)</p>
<p>Immediately deflate the cuff to avoid prolonged pressure</p>
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<p>Where is the aortic heart pulse?</p>
<p>rightintercostal space, just next to the midline</p>
<p>Where is the tricuspid heart pulse?</p>
<p>left of the sternum at the fourth intercostal space</p>
<p>Where is the mitralheart pulse?</p>
<p>left of the midline at the 5th intercostal space</p>
<p>Where is the pulmonic heart pulse?</p>
<p>left of the sternum at the 2nd intercostal space</p>
Where is the tricuspid valve?
Separates right atrium and right ventricle
Where is the mitral valve?
Separates left atrium and ventricle
Where is the pulmonic valve?
separates right ventricle and pulmonary artery
Where is the aortic valve?
seperates left ventricle and aorta
Where is s1 sound heard?
tricuspid and mitral
Where is s2 sounds heard?
Pulmonic and aortic
What causes the s1 and s2 heart sounds?
Blood flow vibrations in the heart chambers and valves
