Blood group inheritance and transfusion immunology - 1

Question 1

blood type is based on presence of…

Answer 1

certain antigens on membranes of RBCs

Question 2

how many antigens identified?

Answer 2

30

Question 3

ABO blood grouping system

Answer 3

• based on presence of A and/or B antigens
• forms basis of 4 blood types : A,B, O, AB

Question 4

ABO blood groups - which of these have what antigens and antibodies?

Answer 4

Question 5

Rh factor system

Answer 5

• there are 6 Rh antigens
• if you have this you are either Rh+ or Rh-
• Rh- person develops anti-D Ab if injected with Rh+ blood
• 4 main blood types either be Rh+ or Rh-

Question 6

ABO inheritance

Answer 6

• ABO genes - 1 from each parent
• autosomal
• A and B genes are dominant, O is recessive

Question 7

genotype possibilities

Answer 7

Question 8

Rh-D factor inheritance

Answer 8

Question 9

haemolytic disease of the newborn (HBN )

Answer 9

• haemolytic condition in foetus that persists after delivery
• develops when IgG Abs from mother pass through placent and attack RBCs in foetal circulation
• RBCs broken down leading to anaemia
• anaemia stimulates BM to produce lots of erythroblasts
• disease can range from mild-severe; may cause death

Question 10

HDN - what causes it?

Answer 10

• due to Rh-D incompatability
• happens when Rh- woman gets pregnant with Rh+ foetus
• mother makes Abs against Rh-D antigen of foetus when blood mixes
• next pregnancy with Rh+ baby - mother’s anti-Rh-D Abs cross placenta and lyse baby’s RBCs