blood donor selection Flashcards
donor screening
enumerate the lab screening included in the physical examination (7)
- weight
- temperature
- pulse
- hemoglobin
- hematocrit
- age
- blood pressure
donor screening
NORMAL RANGE
1. weight
2. temperature
3. pulse
4. hemoglobin
5. hematocrit
6. age
7. blood pressure
- weight = 110 lbs / 50 kg
- temperature = 37.5 C | 99.5 F
- pulse = 50-100 bpm
- hemoglobin = >12.5 g/dl | 125 g/L
- hematocrit = >33%
- age = 18-65 yrs old
- blood pressure = 180/100 mmHg
17 y.o needs a parent’s consent 65 y.o needs a physicial consent
donor screening
if autologous, what is the NR of hemoglobin and hematocrit?
hemoglobin = >11 g/dL
hematocrit = >33%
volume adjustment
if the blood donor weighs <110 lbs, what should we do? how to solve?
decrease the volume of blood collected
donor weight (kg) | ideal weight (50) x 450 mL = mL
volume adjustment
how to do anticoagulant adjustment? amount needed
vol. blood to draw | 100 x 14 = mL
volume adjustment
how to do anticoagulant adjustment? anticoagulant removed
63 mL - anticoagulant needed = mL
hemoglobin testin can be done via — or if mass donation, —
via complete blood count
if mass donation, Copper Sulfate method
CuSO4 is placed in a — container. this can be used up to — can be done in one container.
what is the acceptable result?
placed in a 30 ml container
this can be used up to 30 tests
blood sinks in the solution within 15 secs
refers to a donor who donates blood for his or her own use. this is most commonly used in?
AUTOLOGOUS DONORS
used in patients with upcoming surgery
enumerate the advantages of an autologous donor (4)
- decreased risk of disease transmission
- decreaed risk to transfusion reactions
- decreaed risk to transfusion alloimmunization
- blood for person with rare blood groups
enumerate the disadvantages of being an autologous donor (5)
- bacterial contamination
- circulatory overload
- cytokine-mediated reactions
- misidentification
- higher cost
deferrals (AABB standards)
not feeling well | skin lesions at venipuncture site
temporarily
deferrals (AABB standards)
drunk
12 hours
deferrals (AABB standards)
2 weeks
- measles vaccine
- mumps vaccine
- polio vaccine
- yellow fever vaccine
- acute febrile illness (2-3 weeks until fully recovered)
deferrals (AABB standards)
aspirin-containing medications
3 days
deferrals (AABB standards)
skin penetration with sharp contaminated with blood
12 months
deferrals (AABB standards)
12 months
enumerate the 11
- syphilis
- gonorrhea
- animal bite
- hepatitis vaccine
- tattoo
- ear piercing
- imprisoned
- tooth extraction
- household or sexual contact with individual with hepatitis, HIV
- skin penetration with sharp contaminated with blood
- traveled to area endemic for malaria
deferrals (AABB standards)
if you are a citizen from an area endemic for malaria
3 years
deferrals (AABB standards)
viral hepatitis after 11th birthday
permanent
deferrals (AABB standards)
permanent
enumerate the 10
- parenteral drug use
- family history of Creutzfeldt-jakob disease
- treated with growth hormone
- viral hepatitis after 11th birthday
- repeatedly reactive anti-HBc, anti-HCV, or anti-HIV
- babesiosis
- chaga’s disease
- cancer patient
- patients with bleeding disorders
- anemic
used to identify donor. this is carefully monitored to avoid druplication or wrong identification.
numeric and alphanumeric
true or false
the physician must identify the donor and make sure the donor name and the identification number match.
false.
PHLEBOTOMIST
true or false
donation should not exceed 10% of donor’s blood volume
TRUE
donor bleading: ?
philippine standard: ?
answer: time
donor bleeding: 7-10 mins
philippine standard: less than 15 mins
blood collection sets
the set must be —
sterile, uncolored, transparent, hermetically sealed
blood collection sets
key properties for containers
- flexibility
- pliability
- toughness
should be kink and scratch resistant
blood collection sets
whole blood collection set is a — with a primary bag and one or more satellite containers. it should allow adequate gas exchange of —
closed system
gas exchange of O2 and CO2
closed system maintains the sterility of the blood.
blood collection sets
this is found in the collection set in which it is integrally incorporated into the set to filter WBCs
leukoreduction filter
blood collection sets
if the seal is broken or compromised, the expiration date and time must be — and the set is now considered —
expiration date and time must be change
considered as OPEN SYSTEM
blood collection
how to do an aseptic technique?
- disinfect using povidone-iodine or polymer iodine complex
- scrub the selected area at least 4 cm in all directions (min of 30 secs)
blood collection
if the donor is sensitive to iodine, what could be the option to use?
chlorhexidine gluconate or isopropyl alcohol
blood collection
ask the donor to open and close the hand every — during the collection proper
10-12 seconds
blood collection
swirl the bag every — to mix the blood and the anticoagulant
every 45 seconds
blood collection
after collection, remove the needle and recap. lock the segment of the blood bag. reassure the donor and let him/her remain seated for —
10 - 30 mins
donor management
when to stop the donation?
when the donor is:
- fainting
- convulsions
- cardiopulmonary disease
- large hematoma
- jet-like bleeding with bright red blood
last opt: STOP
lightheadedness, weakness, tingling senation, palipitatio
donor management
if the donor is fainting (anxiety or hypoglycemia), what should u do?
- stop
- administer glucose sol’n if necessary
- position the donor that protects him/her from a possible fall
donor management
if the donor has convulsions (anxiety or underlying disease), what should u do?
- stop
- maintain airway
- restrain gently to prevent injury
- warn possible involuntary loss of control or urine or stool
donor management
if the donor has cardiopulmonary disease, what should u do?
- stop
- apply ventilation (cardiopulmonary resuscitation if necessary)
- donor is taken to the ER
donor management
hematoma
- stop if the hematoma is large
- apply pressure to the site (5 mins)
- apply cold packs
- reassure donor
donor management
jet-like bleeding with bright red blood - inadvertent puncture of artery
- stop ASAP
- apply dressing on site
- follow up donor for additional care
donor management
if the donor is exhibiting lightheadedness, tingling sensation, palpitations, what should u do?
- reassuring convo
- elevate donor’s feet at 45 for few mins then lower to 20 to increase venous return
- apply cold, wet towels to the neck and forhead
- have the donor breath into a paper bag
- provide juice even before donation
- last resort: STOP DONATION
all units are processed before?
compatibility test and transfusion
unit processing includes? (4)
- ABO and Rh typing
- antibody screening
- serologic test: syphilis, hep B, anti-HCV, anti-HIV, malaria
- component preparation
unit storage
ASAP after processing at 1-6C
ABO
why donor serum should also be collected?
for reverse typing
Rh type should be tested with?
in every negative typing, always test for?
anti-D reagent
weak D
order of blood donation or blood banking (6)
- blood donor selection
- blood collection
- unit processing and component preparation
- compatibility testing
- blood transfusion
- transfusion reaction (MAY OR MAY NOT HAPPEN)
blood pressure
- systolic: — but should not exceed 180 mmHg
- diastolic: — should not exceed 100 mmHg
systolic: 90-160 mmHg
diastolic: 60-100 mmHg
normal: 180/100 mmHg
enumerate the consent to donate
- donors should be informed of the procedure for donating blood and its potential risks.
- donors must sign a statement documenting that they have given consent to the donation.
if the blood donor weighs less than 110 lbs., —
decrease the volume of blood collected
what is the donation intervals?
3-4 months
purpose of dextrose
- maintain RBC membrane stability
- substrate for ATP production (cellular energy)
