blood donor phlebotomy Flashcards
1
Q
blood donors are usually
A
volunteers
2
Q
collecting blood to be used for transfusion purposes
A
blood collection
3
Q
To ensure a steady supply of blood
A
purpose of blood donation
4
Q
Goals of Performing Blood Donor Phlebotomy
A
- ensure the safety of the donors
- minimize and prevent contamination in the donated blood which may come from external sources
- conduct safe collection of donated blood for therapeutic purposes especially during its shelf life
- make sure that other personnel are well-trained and qualified to do the venipuncture procedure for blood donation
5
Q
Donor donates blood of his own free will and receives no payment
A
Voluntary (non-remunerated) donation
6
Q
Donor donates blood voluntarily to be used by anyone in need
A
Allogenic donation
7
Q
individual gives blood for his own use – for example, before a surgery
A
Autologous donation
8
Q
Donor donates blood for the benefit of a particular person
A
Directed Donation
9
Q
Process of removing a specific component of the blood and returning the remaining components to the donor
A
Apheresis
10
Q
duration of the entire blood donation process
A
45 to 60 minutes
11
Q
Basic Requirements
A
- Donors should be generally healthy
- at least 16 years old
- Weight: At least 110 lbs (50 kg)
12
Q
Can 16-17 year olds donate blood without guardian consent?
A
No, dapat meron
13
Q
Blood Donation Process (1 to 5)
A
- Donor Screening
- Donor Registration
- Medical History
- Donor Interview
- Physical Examination
14
Q
Blood Donation Process (6 to 8)
A
- Guidance on Venipuncture for Blood Donation
- Preparing the Venipuncture Site
- Collecting the Unit
15
Q
Blood Donation Process (9 to 12)
A
- Adverse Events in Blood Donation
- Donor Care Post Phlebotomy
- Donor Blood Processing
- Donated Blood Labeling
16
Q
process of assessing the suitability of an individual to donate blood or blood components against defined selection criteria
A
Donor Selection
17
Q
donor is asked about his/her health, lifestyle, and disease risk factors
A
donor screening
18
Q
key tool in donor selection for assessing donor health and safety and for reducing the risk of transmission of infection
A
Donor Questionnaire
19
Q
Essential information in Donor Registration
A
full name
date of birth
gender
address
contact details
20
Q
__________________ should be assigned at first registration
A
unique donor number
21
Q
the donor will have to confirm if he/she has any
health issues and disease risk factors
A
Medical History
22
Q
donor will have a brief interview with the healthcare personnel to ensure that the donor has met the general donor requirements
A
Donor Interview
23
Q
an integral part of the donor interview
A
Pre-donation counselling
24
Q
- a short health exam (pulse, temperature, and blood pressure)
- Hemoglobin/hematocrit will be tested to ensure that the blood iron level is suitable for donation
A
Physical Examination
25
Pulse Rate required
Between 60 and 100 /minute with regular rhythm
26
Blood pressure required
Between 90 and 160 systolic and 60 and 100 diastolic
27
Hemoglobin required
At least 125 g/L
28
Body temperature required
37 C (36.6 -37.2)
29
non-acceptance of a potential blood donor to donate blood or blood components
Donor Deferral
30
The decision by a potential donor to defer himself from donation of blood or blood components
Self-deferral
31
All except one are temporary deferral
- pregnancy
- ear or body piercing and tattooing
- chronic alcoholism
chronic alcoholism
32
temporary or permanent: minor surgery
temporary deferral
33
temporary or permanent: Unexplained weight loss of more than 5 kg over 6 months
permanent deferral
34
a short briefing on the procedure will be given by the health personnel
Guidance on Venipuncture for Blood Donation
35
the donor will be led to the donor area where the arm is cleaned with antiseptic and the vein for venipuncture is selected.
Preparing the Venipuncture Site
36
the unit of blood will be collected by the health personnel.
Collecting the Unit
37
will be used to draw blood from the vein in the donor’s arm
Blood Donation Kit
38
the healthcare personnel monitors the donor for adverse effects during and after the blood collection
Adverse Events in Blood Donation
39
Most common donor reactions
- vasovagal syncope
- hematoma
40
what to do if the site is still bleeding?
apply further pressure
41
what to do if bleeding occurs after removal of the bandage
apply pressure to the site and raise your arm for three to five minutes
42
the collected blood unit is prepared and placed in the proper container for transport to the processing area
Donor Blood Processing
43
closed collection system with a sterile blood collection
bag containing anticoagulant, and with an attached tube and needle
Collection Unit
44
* Some bags include ___________________ to collect the first 20 ml of blood collected, to minimize contamination from skin flora and the skin core
diversion pouches
45
Collection Unit: whole blood collection
Single Blood Bag
46
Collection Unit: RBC and plasma
Double Blood Bag
47
Collection Unit: RBC, plasma, and platelets
Triple Blood Bag
48
contains red cells, white cells, and platelets, suspended in plasma
whole blood
49
carry oxygen and are used to treat anemia
RBC
50
how long should RBC be refrigerated depending on the anti-coagulant preservative or additive?
maximum of 42 days
51
Can RBC be frozen up to 11 years?
10 years lang
52
control of bleeding and are generally used in patients with leukemia and other forms of cancer
platelets
53
platelets storage
room temp, maximum of 5 days
54
used to control bleeding due to low levels of some clotting factors
- may be stored frozen up to one year
fresh frozen plasma
55
prevents clotting by chelating calcium
citrate
56
stabilizes the pH
phosphate compound
57
provides energy to the cells
dextrose
58
improves the synthesis of ATP in the stored blood prolongs the storage of blood
adenine
59
preferred site of vein selection
antecubital fossa - large and firm vein
60
Clean the selected venipuncture site thoroughly
Not visibly dirty:
wash with soap and water, and wipe dry using a wash towel
61
Clean the selected venipuncture site thoroughly.
visibly dirty:
perform either the one-step or two-step procedure
62
material for one-step procedure
Combine 2% chlorhexidine gluconate in 70% isopropyl alcohol
63
material for two-step procedure
70% isopropyl alcohol and tincture of iodine or chlorhexidine (2%)
64
when to release tourniquet?
once sufficient blood has been collected
450 mL +/– 10%
65
Use a __________ needle which is usually attached to the blood collection bag
16-gauge
66
Ask the donor to open and close the fist slowly every _____________ seconds during collection
10–12
67
Remove the tourniquet when the blood flow is established or after __________
2 minutes
68
should you mix the collected blood gently with the anticoagulant every 1 minute?
no, every 30 seconds dapat
69
Place a _________ just below the needle or a plastic stopper to stop the bleeding
hemostat
70
What types of tests are performed on donated blood?
* Hepatitis B
* Hepatitis C
* HIV-1 and HIV-2
* Serologic test for syphilis
71
The collection unit is a sterile, closed system consisting of a bag to contain the blood connected by a length of tubing to a sterile ______________ needle
16 to 18 gauge
72
The collection bag contains an _______ and ________ and is placed on a mixing unit while the blood is being drawn
anticoagulant and preservative solution
73
The unit is normally filled by weight but contains around _____________ of blood when full
450 mL
74
where specimens for analysis are received, sorted and held temporarily before dispatch into laboratory areas
Laboratory Sample Reception Area
75
assigned in the sample reception area
Medical Laboratory assistant or laboratory receptionist
76
STAT
immediately
77
test examples for STAT
- glucose
- H&H
- electrolytes
- cardiac enzymes
78
Med Emerg
medical emergency - same as stat
79
Timed
collected at a specific time
80
As soon as possible
ASAP
81
2-hour PP, GTT, cortisol, cardiac enzymes, TDM, blood cultures are example of tests that are
Timed
82
no food or drink except water for 8-12 hrs prior to specimen collection
Fasting
83
status of triglycerides
Fasting
84
NPO
nothing by mouth
85
Preop
before an operation
- to determine patient eligibility for surgery
86
Postop
after surgery
- assess patient condition after surgery
87
Relating to established procedure
Routine
88
A document that serves as a communication link to the requesting physician and to the other users of the laboratory services
Laboratory request form
89
Information about the company or personnel that made the request
Requester Details
90
provide information about the specimen being handled
sample details
91
list of possible tests that could be conducted or provided
examination requested
92
* provides easy and fast access to almost error-free information.
* ensures that reports generated are accurate and provided in a timely manner
Laboratory Computer system
93
a tool in the form of a website that provides a stepwise plan to guide medical laboratories towards implementing a quality management system in compliance with ISO 15189.
Laboratory Quality Stepwise Implementation (LQSI)
94
* All incoming samples should be logged or recoded in a register or log book
* Assign laboratory identification number to the sample.
* Enter the corresponding requisition form into the computer
The Laboratory Sample Receipt/ Tracking Logbook
95
should blood bag be lowered than arm?
yes na yes 4 u
