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Immunohematology > Blood Component Preparation & Therapy > Flashcards

Blood Component Preparation & Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Blood collection bags

A

special plastic that allows for the proper mix of gases, nutrients, & anticoagulants
63 ml anticoagulant + 450 +/- ml whole blood

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2
Q

Double bag system

A

primary bag + satellite bag
for whole blood & separation of 2 different blood components
RBCS + Plasma

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3
Q

Triple bag system

A

primary bag + 2 satellite bags
whole blood collection & separation of 3 different components
RBCS+ Plasma + buffy coat

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4
Q

Quad bag system

A

primary bag + 3 satellite bags
whole blood collection & separation of 4 different components
RBCs, plasma, CRYO, & platelets

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5
Q

K+ during storage

A

when RBCs are old & lysed K+ is released into the unit
patients with heart problems are at risk with transfusing ‘old’ units
less than 7 days old are transfused into people with cardiac issues

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6
Q

ATP during storage

A

ATP is needed to maintain membrane integrity

ATP levels decrease with the age of the unit

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7
Q

2,3-DPG during storage

A

decreased with age of unit
needed for effective release of o2 in tissues
neonates require blood <7 days old bc of this

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8
Q

CPD

A

citrate-phosphate-dextrose

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9
Q

CP2D

A

citrate-phosphate-2x dextrose

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10
Q

CPDA-1

A

citrate-phosphate-dextrose-adenine

most often used

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11
Q

Dextrose purpose

A

supports ATP generation by glycolytic pathway

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12
Q

Adenine purpose

A

acts as substrate for RBC ATP synthesis

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13
Q

Citrate purpose

A

prevents coagulation by chelating calcium, also protects RBC membrane

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14
Q

Sodium biphosphate purpose

A

prevents excessive decrease in pH

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15
Q

Mannitol

A

osmotic diuretic acts as membrane stabilizer

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16
Q

AS-1 or AS-5

A

dextrose, adenine, mannitol, & saline

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17
Q

AS-3

A

dextrose, adenine, saline, citrate

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18
Q

AS-7

A

dextrose, adenine, mannitol, sodium bicarbonate, phosphate

19
Q

Storage limit of CPD

20
Q

storage limit of CP2D

21
Q

storage limit of CPDA-1

22
Q

storage limit of AS-1, AS-5, AS-3 & AS-7

23
Q

additional functions of preservatives

A

less viscosity
easier to filter
final Hct: 55-65% vs 70-80%

24
Q

of whole blood units to = 1 unit of platelets

A

5 units of whole blood for one unit of platelets

25
Q

platelets prepared from whole blood within how many hours?

26
Q

can platelets be taken from refrigerated whole blood?

A

no; unit cannot be refrigerated!

27
Q

FFP storage

A

frozen within 8 hours of collection

28
Q

CRYO

A

FFP is thawed at 1C - 6C

white precipitate forms & is centrifuged at a heavy spin & cryo is refrozen

29
Q

Packed RBC

A

prepared by centrifugation

RBCs, small amount of plasma, WBCs & nonviable platelets

30
Q

Leukocyte-reduced RBCs

A

<5x10^6 WBCs per unit
filter by gravity, adherence & size exclusion
done bc WBCs release cytokines during storage & decreases change of HLA antibodies forming in recipient & reduce CMV transmission risk

31
Q

storage/ shipping of leukocyte reduced RBCs

A

stored: 1-6C
shipping: 1-10C

32
Q

one unit of RBCs will increase Hct & Hgb by:

A

Hct: 3%
Hgb: 1 g/dL

33
Q

Washed RBCs

A

removes all plasma
shelf life: 24 hours at 1-6*C
given to IgA deficient

34
Q

Frozen-thawed Deglyced PRBCS

A

rbcs can be frozen in glycerol solutions & stored at -80*C for over 10 yrs
people with clinically-relevant antibodies
expires 24 hours after thawing & washing

35
Q

Irradiated RBCs

A

prevents T-cell proliferation by inducing DNA damage
expiration date: 28 days
prevents GVHD
used for sibling directed donations & severely immunocompromised

36
Q

general platelet information

A

expire 5 days after donation
remain at 20-24*C
gently agitating to avoid clumping
leukoreduced <5x10^6 WBC/unit

37
Q

apheresis platelets number

A

> 3.0x10^11 plt/unit

38
Q

platelets post transfusion

A

3-4 days
1-hour post plt count will differentiate between sequestering vs immune destruction
1 pooled unit/apheresis unit should raise plt count by 20,000-40,000 /uL

39
Q

immune destruction of plts post transfusion

A

if less than 10,000/uL increase observed at 1 hour

40
Q

plts post transfusion: sequestered in spleen

A

if platelet counts rise as expected 1 hour after transfusion & then fall after 24 hrs

41
Q

what is the AABB standard for leukoreduction?

A

<5.0x10^6 residual leukocytes in at least 95% of units sampled

42
Q

fresh frozen plasma shelf life

A

<-65C: 7 years
thawed:
1-6C: 24 hours

43
Q

CRYO shelf life

A

-18*C: 1 year
thawed at room temp:
unopened: 6 hours
opened/pooled: 4 hours

44
Q

Granulocyte pheresis

A

1x10^10 granulocytes/unit
store at RT undisturbed
24 hour expiration
must be ABO compatible

Immunohematology (16 decks)

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