Blood Clotting

Question 1

Three reasons why blood clotting is necessary are?

Answer 1

1. It prevents excessive blood loss from the body when there is a damaged blood vessel.
2. Prevents the entry of microorganisms and foreign particles into the body.
3. It maintains blood pressure.

Bonus: It promotes wound healing.

Question 2

What is the name of the mineral and vitamin necessary for blood clotting.

Answer 2

Calcium

Vitamin K

Question 3

Describe the process of blood clotting in four steps.

Answer 3

1. The calcium ion and vitamin K are released, which converts thromboplastin to thrombin.
2. The thrombin will convert fibrinogen to fibrin.
3. Platelets are activated and change shape from round to spiny and stick to the broken blood vessel and each other.
4. The fibrin becomes trapped in the platelets, creating a mesh work that traps blood cells, creating a blood clot.

Question 4

Describe the two types of naturally acquired immunity.

Answer 4

1. Active - The person is infected and has contact with the pathogen.
2. Passive - Antibodies pass from the placenta to the foetus or from breast milk to an infant.

Question 5

Describe the two types of Artificially acquired Immunity.

Answer 5

1. Active - The person receives a vaccine with attenuated pathogens to stimulate their T cells to produce antibodies.
2. Passive - The person in injected with antibodies to fight the antigen in the form of immune serum or gamma globulin.

Question 6

What is the main difference between Actively and Passively acquired Immunity.

Answer 6

Actively acquired Immunity lasts longer than Passively acquired Immunity.