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Human Anatomy and Physiology II > Blood Chapter 19 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Blood Chapter 19 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Erythrocytes

A

RBC 4-6 million cells

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2
Q

Hemoglobin

A

Protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood of vertebrates. Its molecule comprises four subunits, each containing an iron atom bound to a heme group. (what makes your blood red)

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3
Q

Hematocrit

A

The percentage by volume of red cells in your blood.

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4
Q

Transferrin

A

A protein of the beta globulin group which binds and transports iron in blood serum.

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5
Q

Erythropoietin

A

Simulates RBCs production (made in the kidney)

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6
Q

Agglutination

A

When RBCS or bacteria in a liquid collect into clumps (a reaction)

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7
Q

Bilirubin

A

Yellowish pigment that is made during the breakdown of RBC.
Passes through the liver and excreted out
Formed from heme

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8
Q

Leukocytes

A

WBCs4800-10800

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9
Q

Granulocyte

A

Have small granules that are released to kill infections.

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10
Q

Phagocyte

A

A type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.

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11
Q

Basophils

A

Allergic reactions
Excrete Heparin for blood clotting and histamine to reduce inflammation
Least common
(Granulocyte)

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12
Q

Neutrophils

A

WBC
Matured ones are 1st to arrive at the infection site
Effective against bacteria and fungus.
Releases enzymes to kill pathogens
Less mature ones are called band cells. An increased number of band cells is called a left shift this indicates an infection.
(Granulocyte and Phagocytic)

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13
Q

Monocytes

A

Travels through the blood to tissues where it becomes a macrophage.
Kills fungi and infections.
Largest WBC
(Phagocyte)

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14
Q

Killer Cells

A

In the lymphoid tissue
Potent killers of virus-infected cells and cancer cells
Release cytokines
Help mobilizes T and B cells

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15
Q

Eosinophils

A

WBC
Neutralizes histamine in allergic reactions Great for parasitic infections
Too much can cause tissue damage (Granulocyte and Phagocytic)

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16
Q

Lymphocyte

A

WBC with the most vertebrate
3 types Natural killer cells, T cells, and B cells. Main type of cell found in lymph

17
Q

T Cells

A

Dervied from the thymus. (T=Thymus)Provies cellur immunity Recongize material as forgein. Is good when it destorys tumor cells, is bad when it rejects organs (from a transplant)

18
Q

B cells

A

Humoral immunity differentiates and becomes plamsa cells which produce antbodies called immungobluins.B memory cells that help body remeber pervous pathogens

19
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Platelets150,000-400,000

20
Q

Coagulation

A

Process of a liquid, especially blood, changing to a solid or semi-solid state. (blood clotting)

21
Q

Fibrinogen

A

Protein produced by the liver.
Turns into fibrin
Helps stop bleeding by helping blood clots form.

22
Q

Prothrombin

A

Inactive precursor that is converted to thrombin during coagulation

23
Q

Thrombin

A

Enzyme in plasma that causes blood clotting by converting fibrinogen to fibrin.

24
Q

Albumins

A

Protein made by liver, helps the body maintain intravascular colloid osmotic pressure, neutralize toxins, and transport therapeutic agents.

25
Q

Globulins

A

Made in your liver by your immune system. Globulins play an important role in liver function, blood clotting, and fighting infection

26
Q

Immunoglobulin

A

Also known as antibodies, are glycoprotein molecules produced by plasma cells (white blood cells). They act as a critical part of the immune response by specifically recognizing and binding to particular antigens, such as bacteria or viruses, and aiding in their destruction.

27
Q

Vascular spasm

A

Narrowing of the arteries caused by a persistent contraction of the blood vessels. This narrowing can reduce blood flow.

28
Q

Heme

A

Precursor to hemoglobin.
Biosynthesized in bone marrow and liver.

29
Q

Intrinsic Pathway

A

Intrinsic to the blood.
Depends on factors inside the blood.
Activated by internal trauma

30
Q

Extrinsic Pathway

A

Depends on factors from outside the blood.
Activated by external trauma

31
Q

Common Pathway

A

Results from merging extrinsic and intrinsic pathways.

Human Anatomy and Physiology II (5 decks)

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