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Biology - B2 > Blood & Blood Vessels > Flashcards

Blood & Blood Vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 types of blood vessels?

A

Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

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2
Q

What is the function of arteries?

A

-Carry blood away from heart
-Carry high blood pressure

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3
Q

What is the structure of the arteries?

A

-Thick layers of muscle
-Have a small lumen
-Elastic

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4
Q

What is the function of the veins?

A

-Carry blood to the heart
-Carry low pressure blood

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5
Q

What is the structure of the veins?

A

-Large lumen to maintain blood flow
-Thin wall
-Have valves to keep blood flowing

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6
Q

What is the function of capillaries?

A

-Exchange at tissues
-Carry blood close to cells all over the body to exchange of substances

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7
Q

What is the structure of capillaries?

A

-Tiny vessels
-Small lumen
-Extremely thin permeable walls

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8
Q

What is blood?

A

A tissue, it is carried around the body in blood vessels

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9
Q

What is the function of blood?

A

-Transporting substances
-Defence against pathogens
-Control of body temperature
-Maintaining pH of fluids

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of blood cells?

A

-Red blood cells
-White blood cells
-Platelets

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11
Q

Where are red blood cells produced?

A

In bone marrow

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12
Q

What do red blood cells need to do?

A

Carry oxygen from the lungs to all of the cells in the body

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13
Q

What are 3 key adaptions of red blood cells?

A

-They have a biconcave shape
-They do not have a nucleus
-They contain a pigment called haemoglobin

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14
Q

What is the function of White Blood Cells?

A

-White blood cells are needed to defend the body against infection by pathogens

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15
Q

Where are white blood cells made?

A

In bone marrow

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16
Q

How do white blood cells protect us?

A

-Some white blood cells are able to engulf the pathogen by phagocytosis
-Other white blood cells produce antibodies or antoxins to protect the body

17
Q

What are platelets?

A

-Small fragments of cells which have broken off from large cells in the bone marrow
-Play important role in blood clotting
-A lack of platelets can cause problems involving excessive bleeding or bruising

Biology - B2 (10 decks)

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