blood and heart Flashcards
what is the largest artery in the body
the aorta (‘a’ for artery)
what is the largest vein in the body
the (inferior) vena cava (‘v’ for vein)
what carries blood away from the heart
arteries (‘a’ for away)
what carries blood to the heart
veins
where is the right atrium and the left atrium in the heart
the right atrium is in the top left corner of the heart image and the left atrium is in the top right corner of the image (the left side on the image is right side for the actual heart and same for the right side)
tip to remember: a is before v in the alphabet so the atrium is above the ventricle
where is the right ventricle and the left ventricle in the heart
the right ventricle is in the bottom left corner of the heart image and the left ventricle is in the bottom right corner of the image (the left side on the image is right side for the actual heart and same for the right side)
tip to remember: a is before v in the alphabet so the ventricle is bellow the atrium
what does blood consist of
plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets
what are the adaptations of red blood cells
• don’t have a nucleus - more space for haemoglobin (and therefore oxygen too)
•biconcave shape - large surface area for diffusion
•contain haemoglobin - to transport oxygen (by forming oxyhaemoglobin)
•flexible - squeeze through gaps
give three examples on how white blood cells defend us from pathogens
•phagocytosis - engulf pathogens
•produces antibodies - bind onto pathogens and helps destroy them
•produces antitoxins - neutralises any toxins that the pathogens produce
what are platelets
•small fragments of cells (no nucleus)
•help with blood clotting
haemoglobin + oxygen = ….
oxyhemoglobin
what are functions of haemoglobin
•binds reversibly
•oxygen take up in areas of high concentration
What is the name of the artery going to the liver
Hepatic artery
What is the name of the artery going to the kidneys
Renal artery
What is the name of the vein leaving the kidneys
Renal vein
What is the name of the vein leaving the gut and going to the liver
Hepatic portal vein
What is the name of the vein leaving the liver
Hepatic vein
What is the name of the vein entering the heart from the lungs
Pulmonary vein
What is the name of the artery leaving the heart and going to the lungs
Pulmonary artery
What is the name of the vein entering the heart from the body
Vena cava
What is the name of the artery leaving the heart to the body
Aorta
What is the role of the valves
To stop back flow
What is the function of the coronary artery
Provides/supplies the heart with blood
name 4 molecules carried by the plasma
urea, carbon dioxide, hormones, digested food e.g. glucose and amino acids etc
