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Anatomy and Physiology > Blood and Circulatory System > Flashcards

Blood and Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q

What type of tissue is blood?

A

Connective

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2
Q

3 main cell types in blood

A

RBC, WBC, Platelets

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3
Q

RBCs are also known as

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

WBCs are also known as

A

Leukocytes

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5
Q

Platelets are also known as

A

Thrombocytes

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6
Q

Composition of plasma

A

Water, ions, proteins, nutrients, wastes, gases

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7
Q

Blood is _____% plasma

A

55%

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8
Q

Blood is _____% buffy coat

A

~1%

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9
Q

Blood is _____% RBCs

A

45%

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10
Q

Buffy coat is made of

A

WBCs and platelets

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11
Q

Normal hematocrit in women

A

37-47%

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12
Q

Normal hematocrit in men

A

42-52%

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13
Q

RBCs are anucleate/nucleate

A

anucleate

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14
Q

RBC shape

A

Biconcave

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15
Q

Do RBCs have organelles?

A

No

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16
Q

RBCs have a ________ cell membrane

A

flexible

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17
Q

RBC’s primary component is _____________

A

hemoglobin

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18
Q

RBCs last ________ days

A

100-120

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19
Q

Polycythemia

A

High level of RBCs

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20
Q

Hemoglobin structure

A

4 polypeptide chains with heme pigment on each one with a central iron atom (250 million per RBC)

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21
Q

Erythropoesis rate

A

2-3 million/second

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22
Q

Dead RBCs are used for ________

A

bile

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23
Q

When hypoxia occurs, the ___________/_____________ release _____________, stimulating bone marrow to increase RBC count

A

kidney/liver, erythropoetin

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24
Q

WBCs are nucleate/anucleate

25
Granulocytes
Have granules in cytoplasm
26
Agranulocytes
Don't have granules in cytoplasm
27
Neutrophils percentage
50-70%
28
Lymphocytes percentage
25-45%
29
Monocytes percentage
3-8%
30
Eosinophils Percentage
2-4%
31
Basophils Percentage
.5-1%
32
Eosinophils work by _____________
destroying bacteria through phagocytosis
33
Lymphocytes work by __________________
Mounting immune response w/ direct attack/antibodies, have a dark nucleus
34
Monocytes work by ________________
Developing into macrophages through phagocytosis
35
Eosinophils work by ________________
Turning off allergic responses and killing parasites
36
Basophils work by _________________
Release histamines and anti-inflammatory mediators
37
Antigens
Antibody generating protein
38
There are _____ clotting factors
13
39
Hemophilia
Lack of clotting factor
40
Some clotting factors
Prothrombin, Fibrinogen
41
Plasma proteins
Albumins (blood pressure), globulins (tansport lipids and antibodies), fibrinogen (blood clotting)
42
Hemostasis
Process of stopping bleeding, vasoconstriction, platelet plug, coagulation, plug forming
43
Thrombus
Blood clot
44
Embolus
Moving blood clot
45
Agglutination
Antigen that stimulates priduction of agglutination (antibody)
46
Pericardium
Double walled sac surrounding heart
47
Superficial pericardium
Protects, anchors to surrounding structures, prevents overfilling
48
Deep pericardium
2 layers, parietal lines internal surface of fibrous pericardium Visceral layer (epicardium) on external surface Seperated by fluid filled pericardial cavity
49
Septum names
Intraarterial and interventricular
50
Semilunar valve
-\ /- shape
51
Atrioventricular valve
Prevents backflow of blood into atria
52
Chardae tendinae
Anchors cusps to papillary muscles, holds valves closed
53
Layers, outer to inner
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
54
Fascicle
Ribbon shaped muscle covering the heart
55
Systolic blood pressure
Pressure against artery walls during heart beat
56
Diastolic blood pressure
Pressure between heart beats
57
Are atria or ventricles associated w/ blood pressure?
Ventricles
58
Lumen
Width of artery
59
High blood pressure and clots
Higher blood pressure= Higher risk of clots

Anatomy and Physiology (9 decks)

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