Blood and Blood Products(Lab)

Question 1

What are normal hemoglobin’s for males and females?

Answer 1

14-18; 12-16

Question 2

T/F blood is a liquid transplant.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

O is the universal ________ can receive what type of blood?

Answer 3

DONOR, O

Question 4

A blood can receive? B?

Answer 4

A, O; B, O

Question 5

AB is the universal ________ can receive?

Answer 5

recipient; all types

Question 6

Rh positive can receive? Rh negative?

Answer 6

either pos. or neg; can receive Rh neg. only

Question 7

Whole blood transfusions are only used when?

Answer 7

need to increase oxygen- carrying capacity and need to increase circulating vol.

Question 8

What are packed RBC?

Answer 8

80% of plasma is removed from whole blood

Question 9

Why are platelets given? how fast are they given?

Answer 9

control or prevent bleeding; 5-10 mins

Question 10

Fresh Frozen Plasma are used to raise?

Answer 10

level of clotting factors. give over 1-2 hours

Question 11

What is cryoprecipitate?

Answer 11

prepared from FFP, contains large amounts of clotting factor 8.

Question 12

What are the Plasma derivatives?

Answer 12

Plasma protein fraction (PPF) and Albumin

Question 13

PPF and Albumin are what kind of vol. expanders?

Answer 13

colloids: large insoluble molecules; large proteins that stay in the vascular space.

Question 14

What are crystalloids?

Answer 14

are aqueous solutions of mineral salts or other water-soluble molecules.

Question 15

What are plasma derivatives used for?

Answer 15

protein replacement and vol. expansion for hypovolemic shock

Question 16

What is PPF?

Answer 16

portion remaining after fibrogen and globulin removed; replacement of intravascular vol.

Question 17

Albumin increased what?

Answer 17

colloidal osmotic pressure; used for shock, burns, hypoproteinemia; caution with 25% it is hypertonic and could cause circulatory overload: infuse slowly

Question 18

What is autologous transfusion?

Answer 18

pt infused with own blood; blood donated 3-5 days in advance

Question 19

what is blood salvage?

Answer 19

blood is collected, anticoagued, filtered, re-infused into patient

Question 20

When given blood the order states?

Answer 20

what product to give, time, rate of infusion, and meds given before transfusion.

Question 21

What size needle you need for blood?

Answer 21

18 or 20 g

Question 22

How often do you have to change blood tubing?

Answer 22

Q4h

Question 23

What solution is used when giving blood?

Answer 23

0.9% normal saline only

Question 24

What are some pre medications given before blood?

Answer 24

Benadryl or tylenol

Question 25

When you receive blood how long do you have to start transfusion?

Answer 25

30 mins

Question 26

How slow do you start blood?

Answer 26

5 ml/min.

Question 27

How long do you have to get in a unit of blood?

Answer 27

4 hours.

Question 28

How long does the nurse have to stay in room when giving blood?

Answer 28

first 15 min

Question 29

How often are vitals during blood transfusion?

Answer 29

at 5 min, 15 min, then periodic

Question 30

How soon can you see a transfusion reaction?

Answer 30

immediately - two wks after they go home.

Question 31

What do we need to collect if we suspect transfusion reaction?

Answer 31

blood and urine: can see hemoglobin destruction

Question 32

What are the purple tops? green? blue?

Answer 32

CBC; chemistry, coags

Question 33

What is intraosseous infusions?

Answer 33

directly into bone marrow cavity; use primarily in less than 6 yrs old; usually after 2 unsuccessful IV sticks

Question 34

What are some IO injection sites?

Answer 34

proximal and distal aspects of the tibia, distal aspect of the femur

Question 35

How often do we assess IO injection? concern?

Answer 35

every 15 min; osteomyelitis: s/s pain, fever, chills, muscle spasms

Question 36

How long you leave in IO?

Answer 36

1-2 hrs