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Medical Anatomy > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Neutrophil

A

Granulocyte

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2
Q

Basophil

A

Granulocyte

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3
Q

Eosinophil

A

Granulocyte

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4
Q

Lymphocyted

A

Arganulocyte

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5
Q

Monocyte

A

Arganulocyte

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6
Q

Bad transfusion (A+)

A

B

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7
Q

Bad transfusion (B-)

A

A,D

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8
Q

Bad transfusion (AB+)

A

None

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9
Q

Bad transfusion (AB-)

A

D

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10
Q

Bad transfusion (O+)

A

A,B

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11
Q

Bad transfusion (O-)

A

A,B,D

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12
Q

Erythro

A

Red

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13
Q

Leuko

A

White

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14
Q

Thrombo

A

Clot

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15
Q

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

A

Hemolytic disease of a newborn

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16
Q

Nutritional Anemia

A

Lack of B12

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17
Q

Pernicious Anemia

A

Insufficient Hematopoiesis

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18
Q

Hemorrhagic Anemia

A

Excessive Blood loss

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19
Q

Hemolytic Anemia

A

Ruptured RBC due to toxins

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20
Q

Thalassemia

A

Genetic disorder associated with Mediterranian

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21
Q

Aplastic Anemia

A

Destruction of red bone marrow

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22
Q

Sickle Cell Anemia

A

S-shaped hemoglobin

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23
Q

Leukemia

A

Elevated Immature WBC´s

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24
Q

Infectious Mononucleosis

A

EBV

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25
Q

Polycythemia

A

Elevated Hemoglobin

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26
Q

Eosinophiis

A

Defends against allergens and parasites

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27
Q

Basophils

A

Mast Cells that produce histamine

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28
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Defends against viral infections

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29
Q

Neutrophilis

A

Defends against bacteria infections

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30
Q

Monocytes

A

Macrophage

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31
Q

How many Hemoglobin molecules are found in each RBC?

A

280 million

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32
Q

What condition would occur if Rh factor antibodies cross the placenta?

A

Erythroblastosis Fetalis

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33
Q

A traveling fat molecule in the blood stream is?

A

Embolus

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34
Q

What two descriptions are correct for a RBC?

A

Biconcaved, and Anucleated

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35
Q

Diagnostic tool in the lab that detects percentage of RBC in blood sample

A

Hematocrit

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36
Q

Study of blood tissues and their disorders

A

Hematololgy

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37
Q

What type of solution would cause hemolysis of a RBC?

A

Hypotonic Solution

38
Q

What term refers to the mechanism by which beeding is stopped?

A

Hemostasis

39
Q

Proper order of forming a clot

A

vascular spasm>platelet plug formation>coagulation

40
Q

What element is essential to forming heme?

A

Iron

41
Q

Concentration of WBC? (remembrance)

A

Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas

42
Q

What conditions must be present to administer a Rhogam shot?

A

Mother Rh -, Second Rh + Baby

43
Q

What is the functional unit of a RBC that carries O2/CO2?

A

Heme- portion of hemoglobin

44
Q

This portion of blood consists mainly of 92% H2O and 8% Solutes.

A

Plasma

45
Q

What blood component has a lifespan of 5-9 days?

A

Platelets

46
Q

A stationary clot is termed as?

A

Thrombus

47
Q

What are some general presentations of a WBC?

A

Does not contain Hemoglobin, and is nucleated.

48
Q

What is a Rh factor also known as?

A

D antigen

49
Q

Universal Donor

A

O-

50
Q

Universal Ricipient

A

AB+

51
Q

Hormone that produces RBC´s

A

Erythropoientin

52
Q

Distruction of T Helper Cells

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

53
Q

Rash on the entire body causes by the Rubeola Virus.

A

Measles

54
Q

Swollen parotid gland that could result in infertility or Bell’s Palsy.

A

Mumps

55
Q

Also known as german measles.

A

Rubella

56
Q

Clostridium Tetani is a toxin which could cause paralysis.

A

Tetanus

57
Q

Kaposi’s Sarcoma present on the integumentary system.

A

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

58
Q

Right Lymphatic Duct

A

1/4 of the body´s lympatic return, right upper.

59
Q

Thoracic Duct

A

3/4 of the body´s lympatic return, lower extremities, and left upper.

60
Q

Killer T Cells

A

Rupture non-self cells

61
Q

Helper T Cells

A

Stimulates T cell or B cell response

62
Q

Suppressor T Cells

A

Inhibits defense mechanisms

63
Q

Memory T Cells

A

Stored information on antigens

64
Q

Where do B-Cells produce antibodies?

A

Plasma

65
Q

Where does B-Cell Maturation take place?

A

Red Bone Marrow

66
Q

What fluid does the lymphatic system return to the bloodstream?

A

Extracellular

67
Q

What lymphatic organ becomes enlarged when infected by EBV?

A

Spleen

68
Q

What portion of the lymphatic system would contain one-way valves?

A

Vessels

69
Q

This physician was considered the ¨savior to mothers¨

A

Dr. Ingas Semmelweis-Handwashing

70
Q

Pairs of Tonsils in human body?

A

3

71
Q

Plasma cells are B cells

A

True

72
Q

Order of cavities the heart lies in from general to specific

A

Ventral Cavity, Thoracic Cavity, Mediasteinal Cavity, and Pericardial Cavity.

73
Q

Sequence of a deoxygenated RBC entering the heart

A

Right Atrium, Tricuspid Valve, Right Ventricle, Pulmonary Semilunar valve, Pulmonary Arteries, Lungs, Pulmonary Veins, Left Atrium, Mitral Valve, Left Ventricel, and Aortic Semilunar Valve.

74
Q

Sequence of events in heart conduction

A

SA nodes, AV nodes, Atrioventricular bundle, Left and Right Bundle, and Purkinjie Fibers

75
Q

Etiology

A

Cause

76
Q

Idiopathic

A

Unknown Cause

77
Q

Ischemia

A

Loss of blood supply to tissue

78
Q

Hypoxia

A

Insufficient oxgen

79
Q

Necrosis

A

Premature death of cells

80
Q

Common term for Cerebral Vascular Acciendent

A

Stroke

81
Q

The right ventricle is responsible for which type of circulation?

A

Pulmonary Circulation

82
Q

The left ventricle is the driving force for which type of circulation?

A

Systemic Circulation

83
Q

A traveling blood clot is termed

A

Embolus

84
Q

Where does the greatest amount of gas exchange occur in the lungs?

A

Aveoli

85
Q

There are three right lobes and two left lobes found in the lung tissue

A

True

86
Q

Pathway of oxygen starting from nose

A

Nasal Cavity, Oropharynx, Trachea, Nasopharynx, Laryngopharynx, Primary Bronchi, Aveolar Ducts, Bronchiloes, and Alveoli

87
Q

How would elevated CO2 affect the respirations of the patient?

A

Increased respirations

88
Q

What are true vocal cords responsible for?

A

Speech and sound

89
Q

The process by which sugars (glucose) are converted into usable energy (ATP) is known as?

A

Cellular respiration

90
Q

A hereditary disease in which mucus plugs the airway

A

Cystic Fibrois

Medical Anatomy (3 decks)

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