blood Flashcards
What are three steps of hemostasis?
The 3 steps of hemostasis are vascular spasm, platelet plug formation and coagulation.
What is the key difference between fibrogen and fibrin? Between prothrombin and thrombin? Between most factors before and after they are activated?
Fibrogen is water soluble, whereas fibrin is not. Prothrombin is an inactive precursor, whereas throbin acts as an enzyme. Most factors are inactive in blood before activation and become enzymes upon activation. ( there are exceptions, such as fibrogen and calcium.)
Which bleeding disorder results from not having enough platelets? From absence of clotting factor VIII?
Thrombocytopenia ( platelet deficiency) results in failure to plug the countless small tears in blood vessels, and so manifests as small purple spots. Hemophilia A results from the absence of clotting factor VIII.
Nigel is told he has type B blood. Which ABO antibodies does he have in his plasma? which agglutinations are on his RBCs? Could he donate blood to an AB recipient? Could he receive blood from an AB donor? Explain.
Nigel has anti-A antibodies in his blood and type B agglutinogens on his RBCs. He can donate to an AB recipient but he should not receive blood from an AB donor because his anti-A antibodies will cause a transfusion reaction.
Emily Wong, 17, is brought to the ER with a fever, headache, and a stiff neck. You suspect bacterial meningitis. Would you expect to see an elevated neutrophil count in a differential WBC count? Explain
If Emily has bacterial meningitis, a differential WBC count would likely reveal an increase in neutrophils because neutrophils are a major body defense against bacteria.
How is hemoglobin F different from adult hemoglobin?
Hemoglobin F has a higher affinity(binding strength) for oxygen than adult hemoglobin does. It has 2a and 2y chains rather than 2 alpha and 2 beta chains
