Blood

Question 1

what kind of tissue is Blood

Answer 1

Connective Tissue

Question 2

What makes Blood

Answer 2

Plasma(watery portion) and Formed elements( Erythrocytes; leukocytes and thrombocytes)

Question 3

Most of blood is?

Answer 3

plasma

Question 4

Functions of Blood

Answer 4

1) Transportation ( hormones and O2) 2)Regulation (temperature) 3) Protection(immune; clotting)

Question 5

What makes of Plasma

Answer 5

1) Water; proteins; ions (albumins- most common protein)

Question 6

Serum

Answer 6

Plasma w/out proteins

Question 7

RBC

Answer 7

Erythrocytes

Question 8

Erythrocytes Char

Answer 8

1) Lack a nucleus 2) Biconcave disc 3) Transports O2 and CO2 4) Contains Hemoglobin(280 per cell)

Question 9

Hematocrit

Answer 9

45% normal % of formed elements in blood

Question 10

Bright red vs dark red Blood

Answer 10

Bright red blood is carrying O2

Question 11

Hemoglobin

Answer 11

1) 4 Protein chains(globins) 2) 4 Heme units(contains iron) 3) Iron binds to O2

Question 12

Erythrocytes life cycle

Answer 12

120 day or 4 months

Question 13

What phagocytizes blood?

Answer 13

Liver and Spleen - components are recycled to make new RBC

Question 14

Where is RBC made

Answer 14

Red bone marrow at the end of long bones

Question 15

Leukocytes Char

Answer 15

Have nucleus; no Hemoglobin(Hgb)

Question 16

2 Main Classes of Leukocytes

Answer 16

Granulocytes(have visible granules in cytoplasm) and Agranulocyte(no visible granules)

Question 17

Granulocytes(3)

Answer 17

1)Neutrophils (60-70%) 2) Eosinophils (2-4%) 3)Basophils (<1%)

Question 18

Neutrophils

Answer 18

Multi lobed nucleus - respond to infection (phagocytize bacteria)

Question 19

Eosinophils(2-4%)

Answer 19

1) Reddish-oranges granules 2) bilobed nucleus 3) Increase during allergic response 4) Combat parasites

Question 20

Basophils (<1%)

Answer 20

1) Large purple cytoplasmic granules 2) Increase during allergic response and inflammation 3)Secrete histamine (vasodilator) & heparin (inhibits clotting)

Question 21

Agranulocyte

Answer 21

1) Monocytes 3-8% 2) Lymphocytes (20-25%)

Question 22

Monocytes (3-8%)

Answer 22

1) Largest leukocytes 2) C-shaped nucleus 3) Transform into macrophages and phagocytize

Question 23

Lymphocytes (20-25%)

Answer 23

Smallest leukocyte Round nucleus that takes up most of cytoplasm; 3 types

Question 24

Lymphocytes (20-25%) 3 types

Answer 24

1) T-lymphocytes (Attack foreign & virus infected cells) 2) B-lymphocytes (Become plasma cells secrete Antibodies) 3) Natural killer cells(Attack abnormal & infected tissue)

Question 25

Thrombocytes

Answer 25

Platelets; Cell called a megakaryocyte fragments; size of RBC No nucleus; not true cells Form blood clots

Question 26

Blood typing

Answer 26

There are 32 different blood typing; These are based on the presence of substances (antigens) on the surface of RBC The 2 most commonly used systems are: 1) ABO 2)Rh

Question 27

ABO System

Answer 27

Based on the presence of surface antigens (A or B) on RBCs If someone has: A only: type A ; B only: type B ; Both A & B: type AB; Neither: type O

Question 28

Antibodies and ABO system

Answer 28

When antibodies attach to antigens; agglutination (clumping) occurs; Type A blood has anti-B antibodies ;Type B blood has anti-A antibodies; Type AB blood has neither antibodies; Type O blood has both anti-A & anti-B antibodies

Question 29

RH Typing

Answer 29

Based on presence of Rh surface antigen Present: Rh + Absent: Rh -

Question 30

Which type is the most common

Answer 30

O+ (37.4) and A+(35.7)

Question 31

Which type of blood is the rarest

Answer 31

AB .6%

Question 32

Universal Donor and Recipient

Answer 32

Type ) and type AB

Question 33

Who can receive Rh negative?

Answer 33

Only rh negative while RH positive can receive either RH+ or -

Question 34

What is the Blood Stem Cell

Answer 34

Hemocytoblast

Question 35

What is the precursor cell for RBC

Answer 35

Reticulocyte

Question 36

Normoblast

Answer 36

Precursor RBC with nucleus ejected

Question 37

Precursor for platelets

Answer 37

Megakaryocyte

Question 38

Precursory for lymphocytes

Answer 38

lymphoid