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bio 150 exam 3 > blood > Flashcards

blood Flashcards

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1
Q

Which cells aid in the body’s defense processes by secreting histamine and heparin?
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Neutrophils
Basophils
Platelets

A

basophils

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2
Q

When a clot is no longer needed, fibrin is dissolved by __________.
plasmin
prothrombin
platelet-derived growth factor
thromboplastin
kallikrein

A

plasmin

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3
Q

Leukopoiesis begins with the differentiation of __________.
pluripotent stem cells
myeloblasts
precursor cells
lymphoblasts
colony-forming units

A

pluripotent stem cells

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4
Q

A normal hematocrit is __________ of the total blood volume.
25% to 37%
42% to 45%
less than 1%
47% to 63%
37% to 52%

A

37% to 52%

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5
Q

An individual has type B, Rh-positive blood. The individual has __________ antigen(s) and can produce anti-__________ antibodies.
D; A and B
A; B and D
A and D; B
B; A and D
B and D; A

A

B and D; A

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6
Q

Most strokes and heart attacks are caused by the abnormal clotting of blood in an unbroken vessel. Moreover, a piece of the __________ (clot) may break loose and begin to travel in the bloodstream as a(n) __________.
thrombus; embolus
embolism; thrombus
plaque; embolus
plaque; thrombus
thrombosis; plaque

A

thrombus; embolus

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7
Q

Which of these does not prevent the spontaneous formation of a clot?
The dilution of thrombin when blood flows at a normal rate
The presence of tissue thromboplastin
The presence of heparin in plasma
The smooth prostacyclin-coated endothelium of blood vessels
The presence of antithrombin in plasma

A

The presence of tissue thromboplastin

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8
Q

Which of the following is not true regarding sickle-cell disease?
It is advantageous in that it can protect carriers against malaria.
It is a cause of anemia.
It is due to a hereditary hemoglobin defect.
It is caused by a recessive allele that modifies the structure of hemoglobin.
It is a cause of malaria.

A

It is a cause of malaria.

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9
Q

Most oxygen is transported in the blood bound to __________.
the plasma membrane of erythrocytes
heme groups in hemoglobin
alpha chains in hemoglobin
delta chains in hemoglobin
beta chains in hemoglobin

A

heme groups in hemoglobin

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10
Q

What is the function of thromboplastin in hemostasis?
It initiates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.
It dissolves the clot after the tissue has healed.
It initiates the intrinsic pathway of coagulation.
It converts prothrombin into thrombin.
It acts as a potent vasoconstrictor to reduce blood loss.

A

It initiates the extrinsic pathway of coagulation.

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11
Q

Serum is essentially identical to plasma except for the absence of __________.
nitrogenous wastes
glucose
albumin
fibrinogen
platelets

A

fibrinogen

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12
Q

What is the most abundant protein in plasma?
Insulin
Bilirubin
Creatinine
Creatine
Albumin

A

Albumin

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13
Q

A woman’s first pregnancy is normal but her second pregnancy results in hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN). The second child needed a transfusion to completely replace the agglutinating blood. The mother is most likely type __________ and both children are most likely __________.
A, Rh-negative; B, Rh-positive
A, Rh-positive; B, Rh-negative
AB, Rh-positive; O, Rh-positive
AB, Rh-positive; O, Rh-negative
O, Rh-negative; AB, Rh-negative

A

A, Rh-negative; B, Rh-positive

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14
Q

What is the final product of the breakdown of the organic nonprotein moiety of hemoglobin?
Heme
Globin
Iron
Bilirubin
Biliverdin

A

Bilirubin

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15
Q

Which of the following is not normally found in plasma?
Albumin
Glycogen
Urea
Glucose
Fibrinogen

A

Glycogen

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16
Q

Tissues can become edematous (swollen) when which of the following occurs?
Colloid osmotic pressure (COP) is high.
The concentration of sodium and proteins in blood is high.
There is hyperproteinemia.
The hematocrit is high.
There is a dietary protein deficiency.

A

There is a dietary protein deficiency.

17
Q

What are the most abundant agranulocytes?
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Macrophages

A

Lymphocytes

18
Q

Where are most clotting factors synthesized in the body?
Red bone marrow
Spleen
Perivascular tissue
Kidneys
Liver

A

liver

19
Q

The main reason why an individual with type AB, Rh-negative blood cannot donate blood to an individual with type A, Rh-positive blood is because __________.
anti-B antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient
anti-D antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBC of the recipient
anti-B antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor
anti-A antibodies in the donor will agglutinate RBCs of the recipient
anti-A antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor

A

anti-B antibodies in the recipient will agglutinate RBCs of the donor

20
Q

A person with type A blood can safely donate RBCs to someone of type __________ and can receive RBCs from someone of type __________.
A; B
O; AB
AB; O
O; O
B; A

A

AB; O

21
Q

Why are pregnant Rh- women given an injection of Rh immune globulin?
Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-O antibodies.
Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-A and anti-B antibodies.
Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-D antibodies.
Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-A antibodies.
Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-B antibodies.

A

Antibodies in the injection bind fetal RBC antigens so they cannot stimulate her immune system to produce anti-D antibodies

22
Q

The number of __________ typically increases in response to bacterial infections.
erythrocytes
basophils
monocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils

A

neutrophils

23
Q

Where does myeloid hemopoiesis take place in adults?
Red bone marrow
Thymus
Yellow bone marrow
Liver
Spleen

A

Red bone marrow

24
Q

The viscosity of blood is due more to the presence of __________ than to any other factor.
nitrogenous wastes
fibrin
sodium
albumin
erythrocytes

A

erythrocytes

25
Q

During coagulation, which of the following is found in the extrinsic mechanism only?
Thromboplastin
Prothrombin
Prothrombin activator
Thrombin
Calcium

A

Thromboplastin

26
Q

The universal donor of RBCs, but not necessarily plasma, is blood type __________.
AB, Rh-positive
O, Rh-negative
ABO, Rh-negative
AB, Rh-negative
O, Rh-positive

A

O, Rh-negative

27
Q

Where in the body are hemopoietic stem cells found?
Yellow bone marrow
Liver
Thymus
Red bone marrow
Spleen

A

Red bone marrow

28
Q

A deficiency of __________ can cause pernicious anemia.
vitamin C
iron
vitamin B12
EPO secretion
folic acid

A

vitamin B12

29
Q

Which of the following might be injected into a patient who is prone to forming blood clots and therefore at risk of a heart attack or stroke?
Thromboplastin
Fibrin
Factor X
Heparin
Fibrinogen

A

Heparin

30
Q

What is the largest leukocyte that contains small cytoplasmic granules and typically a kidney- or horseshoe-shaped nucleus?
Lymphocyte
Monocyte
Eosinophil
Basophil
Neutrophil

A

Monocyte

31
Q

An increased erythropoietin (EPO) output by the kidneys would lead to all of the following except __________.
increased hematocrit
increased blood viscosity
increased RBC production
increased blood osmolarity
increased hypoxemia

A

increased hypoxemia

32
Q

Which of the following is not a function of blood?
Transports a variety of nutrients
Helps to stabilize the pH of extracellular fluids
Helps to regulate body temperature
Participates in the initiation of blood clotting
Produces plasma hormones

A

Produces plasma hormones

33
Q

Correction of hypoxemia is regulated by __________.
an enzymatic amplification
a positive feedback loop
a cascade effect
a negative feedback loop
a self-amplifying mechanism

A

a negative feedback loop

34
Q

Which of the following would not lead to polycythemia?
Cancer of the erythropoietic line of the red bone marrow
Excessive aerobic exercise
Iron deficiency
Dehydration
Emphysema

A

Iron deficiency

35
Q

What are the least abundant of the formed elements?
Neutrophils
Erythrocytes
Eosinophils
Platelets
Basophils

A

Basophils

36
Q

Which of the following is not contained in the buffy coat?
Lymphocytes
Platelets
Erythrocytes
Agranulocytes
Granulocytes

A

Erythrocytes

37
Q

Where do most RBCs die?
Stomach and small intestine
Red bone marrow
Spleen and liver
Stomach and liver
Lymph nodes and thymus

A

Spleen and liver

38
Q

Which of the following proteins is not normally found in plasma?
Hemoglobin
Transferrin
Prothrombin
Fibrinogen
Albumin

A

Hemoglobin

bio 150 exam 3 (3 decks)

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