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Special Care > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 stages of Haemostasis?

A

Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

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2
Q

What is the Primary level of Haemostasis?

A

Vasoconstriction after injury
Platelet plug formation

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3
Q

What is the Secondary level of Haemostasis?

A

Formation of fibrin though coagulation cascade

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4
Q

What is the Tertiary level of Haemostasis?

A

Fibrinolysis
Formation of plasminogen, then plasma

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5
Q

What is Von Willibrand’s Disease?

A

Inherited deficiency of Von Willibrand’s factor
Low levels of Von Willibrand’s Factor
Low levels of Factor VIII

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6
Q

How does Von Willibrand’s Factor act?

A

Mediates platelet adhesion
Mediates platelet aggregation
Carrier of Factor VIII

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7
Q

What is Haemophilia? What are the 2 types?

A

An inherited condition that causes an individual to have a lack of clotting factors and an increased bleeding tendency
Haemophilia A
Haemophilia B

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8
Q

What clotting factor is affected in Haemophilia A?

A

Factor VIII

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9
Q

What clotting factor is affected in Haemophilia B?

A

Factor IX

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10
Q

What does a raised white blood cell count indicate?

A

Active infection

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11
Q

What does a raised neutrophil count indicate?

A

Active infection

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12
Q

What does a raised monocyte count indicate?

A

Linked to an autoimmune disease

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13
Q

What does a raised prothrombin time indicate?

A

Can be the effect of an anticoagulant
May be caused by liver disease

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14
Q

What does a raised alkaline phosphatase level indicate?

A

Liver or bone problems
Possibly a past alcoholic

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15
Q

What medications inhibit Factor 10a?
What kind of drugs are these?

A

Rivaroxiban
Apixaban
Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOAC)

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16
Q

When taking an anticoagulant (such as rivaroxiban or apixaban), do you make any adjustments to medication when extracting?

A

Delay the morning dose of medication

17
Q

At what value of neutrophils should you give antibiotics before treatment?

A

Anything below 1

18
Q

What levels do platelets need to be at to be treated in a Hospital Setting?

A

50

19
Q

What levels do platelets need to be at to be treated in a Community Care Setting?

A

100

20
Q

What indicates Macrocytic Anaemia?

A

High mean cell volume

21
Q

What indicates Haematocrit Anaemia?

A

Low haemoglobin and high mean cell volume

22
Q

What do you need to check before an extraction if patient is on tegretol?

A

Bloods

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