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Biology > Blood > Flashcards

Blood Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Name the 4 components of the blood

A

Plasma (55%)
Red Blood Cells (45%)
White Blood Cells (<1%)
Platelets (<1%)

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2
Q

What does blood plasma transport?

A

Dissolved substances (glucose, carbon dioxide, hormones and urea)

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3
Q

What is the scientific name for Red Blood Cells?

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

What is the function of RBC?

A

To transport oxygen around the body

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5
Q

What is the function of Platelets?

A

To repair damaged blood vessels and make blood clots

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6
Q

What are Platelets?

A

Small fragments of cells

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7
Q

Name the 2 types of WBC

A

Lymphocytes
Phagocytes

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8
Q

What do Lymphocytes do?

A

Produce anti-bodies

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9
Q

What do Phagocytes do?

A

Engulf and digest Pathogens

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10
Q

Name the special shape of a RBC

A

Bi-concave shape

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11
Q

Why do RBC have a bi-concave shape?

A

To maximise surface area and yet have a small volume

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12
Q

What is the function of valves?

A

To prevent backflow

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13
Q

Describe the structure of a vein

A

Thin outer wall
Thin layer of muscle
Wide lumen

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14
Q

Where is blood in veins going?

A

Back into heart

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15
Q

Where is blood in arteries going?

A

Away from heart

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16
Q

What do capillaries do?

A

Give blood to cells and tissues

17
Q

Describe the lumen of an artery

A

Narrow

18
Q

Why do arteries have thick outer walls?

A

So that they don’t burst

19
Q

What is haemoglobin?

A

A pigment that can bind reversibly with oxygen

20
Q

Where does Urea end up?

A

Urine

21
Q

Where in the blood is Urea dissolved?

A

Plasma

22
Q

What is Urea?

A

A waste product of the breakdown of proteins

23
Q

State the word equation for aerobic respiration

A

Oxygen + glucose ➡️ Carbon Dioxide + Water (+ ENERGY)

24
Q

Where can haemoglobin be found?

A

RBCs

25
Q

How are RBCs adapted for their function?

A

Contain haemoglobin - for oxygen to bind to
No organelles - more room for oxygen
Bi-concave shape - more oxygen, little space (large SA, small volume)

26
Q

How are capillaries adapted to their function?

A

One cell thick
so substances can easily diffuse in and out

Biology (11 decks)

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