Blood Flashcards
What is blood?
A liquid connective tissue
What is amount of blood in body dependent on?
Mass of body
How many liters of blood are in a female compared to a male?
Male = 5-6 liters Female = 4-5 liters
What is blood pH?
7.35-7.45
How warm is blood?
Slightly warmer than body core, around 100 degrees
Which system is the first to develop for blood?
The cardiovascular system
What are the three main functions of blood?
- Transportation
- Protection
- Regulation of vital fluids
Formed elements of blood
erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
erthryocytes
red blood cells
leukocytes
white blood cells
thrombocytes
platelets
plasma of blood
carries plasma proteins, 92% water, 8% dissolved substances, suspends formed elements
Where are plasma proteins mainly formed?
In the liver
three different types of plasma proteins
albumin, globulin, fibrinogen
albumin
most abundant, used to transport proteins, lipids, steroids, increases blood viscosity
globulin
role in immune response, used to transport ions, lipids, and hormones
fibrinogen
involved in blood clotting, works with platelets, becomes fibrin
hematopoiesis
blood cell formation
hemocytoblast
blood stem cell
characteristics of erythrocytes
most abundant blood cell (25 trillion in body)
no nuclei, no mitochondria (it’ll steal oxygen), no ribosomes
stays within vessel walls
hemocrit = %RBC
biconcave structure
cell filled with hemoglobin
iron is recycled back to liver
What is the fate of a red blood cell?
Lives about 3-4 months
Aged and damaged cells are eaten by macrophages in liver, spleen, and bone marrow
Cells in kidneys detect low O2
characteristics of leukocytes
defense against infection and disease
only live a few days
most use phagocytosis to destroy foreign bodies
most found outside vessel walls but within connective tissue
store and release WBC during infection
Leukocytes divisions
Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Eosinophils Basophils Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
Granulocytes
the phils
Agranulocytes
monocytes and leukocytes
neutrophils
most abundant
found in tissue
multi-lobed nucleus
fights bacterial infection
eosinophils
found in walls of GL tract, releases chem to reduce inflammation, fights parasitic infection
eosinophils
found in walls of GL tract, releases chem to reduce inflammation, fights parasitic infection
basophils
no phagocytosis, releases chem to promote inflammation, allergic response
monocytes
Largest WBC, kidney-bean shaped nucleus, becomes a type of macrophage
lymphocytes
immune cell, most in lymph tissue, fights viral infection
thrombocytes characteristics
membrane-bound fragment of larger cells, no nucleus but some organelles, initiates blood clotting in blood vessels
1.
erythrocytes
2.
monocytes
3,.
platelets
4.
neutrophils
1.
blood smear
2.
platelet
3.
neutrophil
4.
red blood cells
5.
eosinophil
6.
lymphocytes
