Block 6 Flashcards
When ATC says “Cleared To ___” that is also known as your ___
Clearance Limit
On an IFR clearance in VMC, are you responsible for “see and avoid” traffic?
YES
When are IFR clearances required?
- Class A (91.135)
- Before operating IFR in CONTROLLED AIRSPACE - must file IFR FP and RECEIVE CLEARANCE (91.173)
- When departing VFR and expecting to become IFR - you can pick up clearance in the air, but you must be able to maintain VFR until clearance delivery
What regulation enables pilots to decline IFR clearances?
91.123
If a pilot declines an IFR clearance given by ATC, what must they do?
REQUEST AN AMENDED CLEARANCE!!!! Ex: “Unable to turn right due to thunderstorm, but we can turn left”
What regulation requires you to file an IFR flight plan?
91.173
What regulation tells what you need to include in an IFR flight plan?
91.169
Where can you get clearance at an CONTROLLED airport?
Clearance Delivery, Ground, Tower
Where can you get clearance at an UNCONTROLLED airport?
Controlling Agency, RCO, GCO, FSS, or the National Clearance Delivery phone number (888-766-8267)
In practice, an IFR clearance is available __ minutes prior to the proposed departure time
30 minutes
Describe a Pre-Departure Clearance (PDC)
- When clearance is transmitted directly to the ACARS unit on the flight deck in text format
- No voice communication is used unless there is a question or problem
What are the 2 types of IFR Departures?
SIDs: Standard Instrument Departure (2 Types)
ODPs: Obstacle Departure Procedure
What are the 3 ways to start an IAP?
- IAF (Initial Approach Fix)
- Feeder Route/Transition - Provides guidance to an IAF
- Vectors (Limited to Radar Vectors)
What does No PT indicate?
No Procedural Turn is expected or required
What is a Clearance Void Time?
- The time your a/c must be airborne by or else the clearance/release is no longer good
- If you decide not to takeoff after receiving a CVT and do not contact ATC, they will assume you crashed since they will not have heard from you and send search and rescue
What does it mean if you are “Holding for Release”
You can get your clearance, but you cannot leave!
What are the 2 main objectives to the IFR system?
- Don’t hit other IFR traffic
2. Don’t hit terrain/obstructions
If a special minimum is NOT published for any given airport, which reg. do we refer to? What does it specify?
91.175(f)
1 and 2 engine a/c: 1sm
3+ engine a/c: 0.5sm
Helo: 0.5sm
Will ATC clear you for an ODP?
No! It’s you’re responsibility to comply with an ODP if one is published
When will an ODP be published?
When something penetrates the 152 ft/NM (40:1) obstruction slope
Describe a Standard IFR Departure
- Fly runway heading until 400’ AGL
- Turn on Course
- Maintain a climb gradient of 200 ft/NM
(GS/60=VSI/ft/NM)
What is the biggest difference between ODPs and SIDs?
- ODPs are NOT assigned by ATC
- SIDs are an ATC-requested and developed departure route
CRAFT/CRADS
Clearance Limit Route Altitude Freq./Departure Freq. Transponder/Squawk
Expected Departure Clearance Time (EDCT)
ATC will assign a runway release time in which you must depart within +/- 5 minutes
What does a “Through Clearance” allow you to do?
Allows you to stop at an intermediate airport(s) while still on a single IFR clearance
What does a “Cruise Clearance” allow you to do?
- Fly whatever altitude you want between the Clearance Altitude and the Minimum IFR Altitude
- Execute any approach at the destination airport
When can a pilot request a VFR on top clearance?
When operating in VMC
What 3 things must you do when you have been cleared for VFR on top?
- Follow both IFR and VFR flight rules
- Maintain VMC and fly VFR altitudes (even/odd+500)
- Climb to the assigned altitude and report VFR on top
When are you required to plan an alternate airport? (91.167)
- If ceilings and vis are forecasted to be below 2000’ and 3 miles within +/- 1 hours of your ETA
- Your destination doesn’t have an IAP (regardless of weather)
What kind of obstacle protection does holding provide?
Primary: 1,000’ AGL
Secondary: 500’ AGL
For flight planning purposes, what are part 91’s weather requirements for alternate airports?
Precision Alternate: 600 - 2
Nonprecision Alternate: 800 - 2
A in a triangle indicates = Nonstandard/Exceptions to Alternate rules
Can you designate an alternate airport with no IAP?
Yes, for part 91, as long as you will be in VMC/VFR below the MEA
If you are flying a non-WAAS GPS a/c, what special circumstances must you keep in mind when choosing an alternate airport?
If you destination only has GPS approaches, your alternate must have a non-GPS approach
What is the difference between a DA and a DH?
DA = Altitude read off the altimeter (MSL) DH = Altitude you are above the ground (AGL)
When can you go below the MDA?
Once you’ve called to go missed and you are transitioning
When can you log instrument time? (61.51)
When you are operation on sole reference to the instruments
When can you log an IAP? (61.51)
When you are flying in IMC conditions past the FAF, or you are under the hood until minimums
When must you have a safety pilot? (91.109)
When you want to fly simulated instrument w/o a CFII (they must hold a medical, be current, and rated in the a/c)
What are the IFR currency requirements? (61.57)
Within the last 6 calendar months:
1. 6 IAPs
2. Holding procedure
3. Intercepting and tracking courses using electronic nav.
~ actual or simulated instrument conditions ~
What is an IPC?
- Instrument proficiency check
- Needed when your currency has lapsed more than 6 months
