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Pathophysiology > Block 5 GI and Liver > Flashcards

Block 5 GI and Liver Flashcards

1
Q

Typical symptoms of malabsorption do not include:
A. night blindness
B. tetany
C. constipation
D. paresthesia
E. anemia

A

C. constipation

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2
Q

Liver disease may lead to impaired absorption of:
A. vitamin b1
B. vitamin b12
C. vitamin c
D. vitamin e
E. all of the listed

A

D. vitamin e

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3
Q

Features of gastric ulcer include:
1 increased gastric acid secretion
2 increased gastrin release
3 increased parietal cell mass
4 h.pylori infection
A. if 1 and 3 are correct
B. if 1 and 4 and correct
C. if 4 is correct
D. if all are correct
E. if all are false

A

C. if 4 is correct

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4
Q

The liver synthesizes all of the following proteins except:
A. igg
B. fibrinogen
C. transferrin
D. thrombin
E. albumin

A

A. igg

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5
Q

A 43y old male alcoholic patient is confused and has astrocyte function effected. Biochemical cause of his confusion is:
A. decreased central gamma aminobutyric acid levels
B. elevated ammonia in the bowel and blood
C. increased levels of excitatory neurotransmitters
D. elevated levels of branched chain amino acids
E. hypoproteinemia

A

B. elevated ammonia in the bowel and blood

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6
Q

Osmotic diarrhea may occur as a result of:
A. hyperthyroidism
B. intestinal ischemia
C. dysfunction of the exocrine pancreas
D. excess intake of pure water
E. intestinal infection

A

C. dysfunction of the exocrine pancreas

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7
Q

Ammonia is metabolized in the liver to:
A. ammonium hydroxide
B. bilirubin
C. urease
D. urea
E. uric acid

A

D. urea

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8
Q

Which of the following gastric cell types is not correctly matched with its secreted product?
A. parietal cell: hydrochloric acid
B. parietal cell: intrinsic factor
C. d cell: somatostatin
D. ecl cell: gastrin
E. chief cell: pepsinogen

A

D. ecl cell: gastrin

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9
Q

The earliest phase of sugar digestion occurs in
A. mouth
B. esophagus
C. stomach
D. duodenum
E. ileum

A

A. mouth

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10
Q

Absorption of sodium by the intestine is associated with:
A. the apical chloride channel
B. glucose
C. taurine
D. deoxycholate
E. hydrogen

A

E. hydrogen

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10
Q

Normal ph of the gastric juice is:
A. 1-2
B. 3-4
C. 5-6
D. 7-8
E. 10-11

A

A. 1-2

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11
Q

In acute pancreatitis one may see the following abnormalities:
A. low blood sugar and low blood calcium
B. low blood sugar and low blood triglycerides
C. high blood sugar and high blood calcium
D. high blood sugar and low blood calcium
E. low blood sugar and high blood calcium

A

D. high blood sugar and low blood calcium

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12
Q

Complications of peptic ulcer include:
1 blood in stools
2 peritonitis
3 anemia
4 metabolic acidosis
Choose:
A. if 1,2, and 3 are correct
B. if 1 and 3 are correct
C. if 2 and 4 are correct
D. if all are correct
E. if all are false

A

A. if 1,2, and 3 are correct

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13
Q

Features of dehydration in diarrhea include all the following, except:
A. sunken eyes
B. decreased urination
C. reduced skin elasticity
D. increased thirst
E. all of the listed occur in dehydration

A

E. all of the listed occur in dehydration

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14
Q

The patient complains of foul smelling diarrhea for the past 6 months. Duodenal biopsy shows the abscence of villi,
increased intraepithelial lymphocytes, and hyperplastic crypts. This patient may benefit from:
A. milk free diet
B. gluten free diet
C. digestive enzymes supplementation
D. proton pump inhibitors
E. antibiotics

A

B. gluten free diet

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14
Q

Asterixis may be seen in the course of:
A. acute pancreatitis
B. malabsorption syndrome
C. advanced liver failure
D. peritonitis
E. duodenal ulcer

A

C. advanced liver failure

15
Q

(1) Secretory diarrhea can be ameliorate by fasting, because (2) intestinal secretion occurs only in response to the
presence of food in the intestinal lumen.
A. 1 is false and 2 is false
B. 1 is false and 2 is true
C. 1 is true and 2 is false
D. 1 is true and 2 is true and the connection is false
E. 1 is true and 2 is true and the connection is true

A

B. 1 is false and 2 is true

15
Q

Which of the following is true of h.pylori?
1 it is transmitted through oral route
2 it colonizes the intestinal mucosa
3 It is a gram (+) bacteria
4 it produces urea
Choose:
A. if 1 is correct
B. if 1 and 4 are correct
C. if 2 and 3 are correct
D. if all are correct
E. if all are false

A

A. if 1 is correct

15
Q

Steatorrhea is the result of malabsorption of:
A. lactose
B. sucrose
C. hydrogen
D. fat
E. protein

A

D. fat

16
Q

For patients with peptic ulcer, non steroid anti-inflammatory agents are:
A. beneficial, because they decrease mucosal inflammation
B. beneficial, because they inhibit proliferation of H.pylori
C. beneficial, because they promote wound healing
D. harmful, because they decrease blood flow in the gastric mucosa
E. harmful, because they increase production of gastric acid

A

E. harmful, because they increase production of gastric acid

17
Q

Lactose intolerance will cause:
1 increased stool osmolality
2 diarrhea after ingestion of milk
3 no rise in blood glucose after ingestion of milk
4 increased blood osmolality
Choose:
A. if 4 is correct
B. if 1 and 4 are correct
C. if 2 and 3 are correct
D. if 1, 2, and 3 are correct
E. if all are correct

A

A. if 4 is correct

18
Q

Vagal stimulation of gastric parietal cells is mediated by:
A. gastrin
B. histamine
C. epinephrine
D. acetylcholine
E. somatostatin

A

D. acetylcholine

19
Q

Mechanisms that contribute to the formation of ascites include all the following, except:
A. renin angiotensin aldosterone system activation
B. increased renal sodium retention
C. splanchnic vasodilation
D. decreased hepatic protein synthesis
E. increased renal blood flow

A

E. increased renal blood flow

20
Q

Features of chronic pancreatitis do not include:
A. hypoalbuminemia
B. hypoglycemia
C. greasy stools
D. polyuria
E. weight loss

A

B. hypoglycemia

21
Q

Portal hypertension may lead to:
1 splenomegaly
2 ascites
3 esophageal varice
4 cirrhosis of the liver
Choose:
A. if 1,2,3 is correct
B. if 4 is correct
C. if 1,4 are correct
D. if 2,3,4 are correct
E. if all are false

A

A. if 1,2,3 is correct

22
Q

Resection of the ileum will lead to:
A. malabsorption of vitamin b12
B. malabsorption of bile acids
C. diarrhea
D. anemia
E. all of the listed

A

E. all of the listed

23
Q

Portal hypertension may develop as a result of:
1 splenomegaly
2 ascites
3 esophageal varices
4 cirrhosis of the liver
Choose:
A. if 1 and 4 are correct
B. if 2 and 3 are correct
C. if 2,3,4 are correct
D. if 4 is correct
E. if all are false

A

D. if 4 is correct

24
Q

Which of the following play a key role in hepatic encephalopathy?
A. creatinine
B. urea
C. ammonia
D. uric acid
E. none of the listed

A

C. ammonia

25
Q

Malabsorption may lead to rickets as a result of:
A. vitamin c deficiency
B. vitamin b1 deficiency
C. vitamin d deficiency
D. vitamin b12 deficiency
E. vitamin a deficiency

A

C. vitamin d deficiency

25
Q

Ammonia is generated predominantly in the:
A. liver
B. colon
C. brain
D. spleen
E. skeletal muscle

A

A. liver

Pathophysiology (6 decks)

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