Block 4 Respiratory + Blood Flashcards
The typical features of asthma are all of the following except:
A. decreased diameter of the airways
B. hypersensitivity reaction in air passage
C. decreased secretion of mucus
D. swelling of bronchial mucosa
E. contraction of bronchial smooth muscles
C. decreased secretion of mucus
Which of following statements applies to cor pulmunare:
A. right ventricle due to pulmonary hypertension
B. left ventricle failure due to pulmonary hypertension
C. pulmonary edema due to heart failure
D. cardiac failure due to low hemoglobin concentration
E. cardiac failure due to low erythrocytes number
A. right ventricle due to pulmonary hypertension
Damage to, and destruction of, the elastic walls of alveoli is observed in:
A. emphysema
B. atelectasis
C. asthma
D. pneumothorax
E. pneumonia
A. emphysema
Which of the following conditions is not a disorder of restrictive ventilation:
A. emphysema
B. pulmonary edema
C. pneumothorax
D. atelectasis
E. pulmonary fibrosis
A. emphysema
Mechanisms responsible for the narrowing of the airways during an asthma attack include:
A. all of the answers are true
B. all of the answer are false
C. contraction of bronchial smooth muscles
D. mucosal swelling
E. increased mucus production
A. all of the answers are true
When ventilation is too low for metabolic requirements, the person may have:
A. hypoxemia
B. hypocapnia
C. respiratory alkalosis
D. all of the answers are true
E. all of the answers are false
A. hypoxemia
The typical features of chronic bronchitis are all of the following except:
A. increased activity of the ciliated epithelium
B. repeated bouts of respiratory infections
C. excess mucus production in the lower respiratory tract
D. mucus accumulation
E. difficulty in clearing of debris and organisms
A. increased activity of the ciliated epithelium
In which one of the following diseases would the occurrence of hemoptysis prompt search for another disease as the cause of the hemoptysis?
A. bronchogenic carcinoma
B. acute bronchitis
C. Goodpasture’s syndrome
D. emphysema
E. bronchiectasis
D. emphysema
A 35 y men comes to the clinic with a severe attack of her asthma, accompanied by dyspnea, wheezing and a cough. Her chest x ray shows hyperinflation. Which of the following is likely to be present?
A. 1s forced expiratory volume (fev1<30%
B. respiratory acidosis
C. hypercapnia
D. acute bacterial pharyngitis
E. left ventricular hypertrophy
A. 1s forced expiratory volume (fev1<30%
The mechanism that may be responsible for development of cor pulmonale in copd is:
A. polycythemia
B. contraction of pulmonary pre-capillary sphincters
C. all of the mentioned
D. vasoconstrictive reaction to alveolar hypoxia
E. capillary destruction
C. all of the mentioned
Obstructive airway defect is characterized by which one of the following if pulmonary function tests are perfomed?
A. reduced fev: fvc ratio
B. decreased total lung capacity (tlc)
C. reduced residual volume (rv)
D. decreased residual volume: total lung capacity (rv: tlc)
E. increased fev: fvc ratio
A. reduced fev: fvc ratio
A 35 y men with family history of allergy, complains of an exacerbation of her asthma, together with dyspnea and a cough. On physical examination her blood pressure and temperature are normal. Which class of immunoglobulins mediates this hypersensitivity response?
A. iga
B. igg
C. ige
D. igm
E. igd
C. ige
The respiratory passages have smooth muscle in their walls. Which of the following best describes the effect of acetylcholine and epinephrine on the respiratory passages?
A. acetylcholine: constricts; epinephrine: dilate
B. acetylcholine: constricts; epinephrine: constricts
C. acetylcholine: no effect; epinephrine: constricts
D. acetylcholine: dilates; epinephrine: constricts
E. acetylcholine: constricts; epinephrine: no effect
A. acetylcholine: constricts; epinephrine: dilate
Which hypersensitivity reaction is associated with allergic type of asthma?
A. type i: immediate
B. type ii: cytotoxic
C. type iii: immune complex
D. type iv: cell mediated
E. type v: cell mediated
A. type i: immediate
The typical features of chronic bronchitis are all of the following except:
A. increased activity of the ciliated epithelium
B. repeated bouts of respiratory infections
C. excess mucus production in the lower respiratory tract
D. mucus accumulation
E. difficulty in clearing of debris and organisms
A. increased activity of the ciliated epithelium
What is the general mechanism for erythropoiesis?
1 tissue hypoxia
2 agranulocytosis
3 increased oxygen pressure in blood
4 high erythropoietin concentration
5 high glucose concentration:
A. 1,2
B. 1,4
C. 3,4
D. 2,3,4
B. 1,4
How much of daily intake of iron is absorbed in the small intestine:
A. 10%
B. 30%
C. 50%
D. 80%
A. 10%
Chose the correct statement:
A. vitamin b12 is necessary for amino acids synthesis
B. folic acid is necessary for rna synthesis
C. the main vitamin b12 storage is in the liver
D. iron is mainly absorbed in the ileum (duodenum, jejenum)
C. the main vitamin b12 storage is in the liver
The most common clinical consequences of anemia are:
1 excitation
2 hypertension
3 bradycardia
4 skin irritation
5 bone pain:
A. all of them
B. none of them
C. 1,2,3
D. 2,3
B. none of them
Which of the following is the iron storage protein?
A. haptoglobin
B. transferrin
C. apoferritin
D. none of them
D. none of them
Platelets can adhere to the subendothelial collagen using:
A. thromboxane txa2
B. von Willebrand factor
C. plasma clotting factor viii
D. pdfg
B. von Willebrand factor
Which plasma factors need vitamin k as an essential cofactor?
A. fibrinogen
B. tissue thromboplastin
C. prothrombin
D. plasma factor viii
C. prothrombin
Bleeding is the most important factor inducing:
A. iron deficiency anemia
B. megaloblastic anemia
C. aplastic anemia
D. hemolytic anemia
A. iron deficiency anemia
The most common anemia is:
A. iron deficiency anemia
B. megaloblastic anemia
C. aplastic anemia
D. hemolytic anemia
A. iron deficiency anemia
Examples for increase red blood cells destruction are:
1 bleeding
2 hemolysis
3 bone marrow aplasia
4 lack of vit.B12
5 chronic inflammation:
A. 1,2
B. 3
C. 3,4,5
D. 2
D. 2
Examples for decrease red blood cells productions are:
1 bleeding
2 hemolysis
3 bone marrow aplasia
4 lack of vit.B12
5 chronic inflammation:
A. 1,2
B. 3
C. 3,4,5
D. 2
C. 3,4,5
The average mcv for erythrocyte is:
A. 70um3
B. 120um3
C. 90um3
D. 50um3
C. 90um3
How many days does the bone marrow need to create new rbc?
A. 120d
B. 12d
C. 7d
D. 5d
C. 7d
The percentage of the total blood volume comprised of rbc is called:
A. hematocrit (ht)
B. mean corpuscular volume (mcv)
C. mean hemoglobin content (mch)
D. mean hemoglobin concentration (mchc)
A. hematocrit (ht)
Which of the following symptoms ae characteristic for intravascular hemolysis:
A. ↑bilirubin, ↑free hb, ↑haptoglobin
B. ↑bilirubin, ↑free hb,↓ haptoglobin
C. normal bilirubin, ↑free hb, ↑haptoglobin
D. normal bilirubin, ↑free hb, ↓tibc
B. ↑bilirubin, ↑free hb,↓ haptoglobin
