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MC Test #1 > Block 4 Prenatal care > Flashcards

Block 4 Prenatal care Flashcards

1
Q

Antepartum=

A

prenatal.

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2
Q

intrapartum=

A

during birth

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3
Q

postpartum=

A

after the birth

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4
Q

what are the four major goals of prenatal care?

A

promote and teach good health habits, educate, physical care, prepare parents for respinsibilites of parenthood

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5
Q

what are the three goals of preconception care?

A

good nutrition. up to date immunizations. adequate intake of folic acid.

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6
Q

what are the five objectives of the physical exam?

A

evaluate general health. baseline weight and vitals. evaluate nutrition status. identify current problems. determine due date

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7
Q

a mother goes to prenatal visits every four weeks until how many weeks?

A

28 weeks(7 months)

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8
Q

the mother goes to prenatal visits every 2-3 weeks when she is this far along..

A

29-36 weeks

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9
Q

a mother goes to prenatal visits every week at this stage..

A

37 weeks to birth

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10
Q

what seven routine assessments are done at EACH prenatal visit?

A

vitals signs and weight. urinalysis. blood glucose. fundal height. fetal heart rate. nutrition intake. any problems.

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11
Q

what is the normal fetal heart rate?

A

110-160

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12
Q

gravida=

A

number of pregnancies

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13
Q

nulligravida=

A

never been pregnant

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14
Q

primigravida-

A

first pregnancy

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15
Q

multigravida=

A

multiple pregnancies

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16
Q

para=

A

number of births after 20 weeks gestation

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17
Q

the average pregnancy is how many days?

A

280 days

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18
Q

What is the calculation called to determine a mothers EDD?

A

nageles rule

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19
Q

How is nageles rule calculated?

A

first day of last menstrual period, minus three months, plus seven days.

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20
Q

how long is each trimester?

A

13 weeks

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21
Q

what does splitting the pregnancy into trimesters and counting weeks do for the mother?

A

provide an anticipatory guide

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22
Q

what are the seven presumptive signs of pregnancy?

A

amenorrhea. nausea. breast tenderness. deepening pigmentation. urinary frequency. fatigue and drowsiness. quickening.

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23
Q

quickening=

A

movement felt by the MOTHER

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24
Q

where is the deepening pigmentation found during pregnancy?

A

nipples, face, abdomen

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25
Q

What are the seven probable signs of pregnancy?

A

goodells sign. chadwicks sign. abdominal enlargement. Braxton hicks. abdominal striae. positive pregnancy test.

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26
Q

goodells sign=

A

softening of the cervix

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27
Q

chadwicks sign=

A

purplish blue tint

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28
Q

what are the three positive signs of pregnancy?

A

audible fetal heartbeat. fetal movement felt by the examiner. ultrasound.

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29
Q

when can the fetal heartbeat be heard by a Doppler?

A

as early as 10 weeks gestation

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30
Q

What happens to the fetal heart rate as birth approaches?

A

it slows down a little bit.

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31
Q

Which test is a highly reliable test in pregnancy?

A

RIA(radioimmunoassay test)

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32
Q

this is essential to maintain pregnancy

A

hormones

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33
Q

what is the most striking change in pregnancy to the endocrine system?

A

the addition of the placenta as a temporary endocrine organ.

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34
Q

what is the primary rule of the endocrine system during pregnancy?

A

to produce estrogen and progesterone to maintain pregnancy.

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35
Q

this becomes a temporary abdominal organ

A

uterus

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36
Q

this part of the reproductive system changes in color during pregnancy

A

cervix

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37
Q

this is formed to prevent ascent of organisms into the uterus

A

the mucous plug

38
Q

which three things happen to the vagina during pregnancy?

A

increased blood supply causes it to have a bluish purple color(chadwicks). vaginal secretions increase. higher glycogen level which promotes candida albicans to grow.

39
Q

candida albicans=

A

yeast infection

40
Q

pre-milk=

A

colostrum

41
Q

these two hormone prepare the breasts for lactation

A

estrogen and progesterone

42
Q

these secrete a substance to lubricate the nipples

A

tubercles of montgomery

43
Q

what is pre-milk high in and low in?

A

high in protein, fat soluble vitamins, and minerals. low in calories, fats, and sugars.

44
Q

increased estrogen does this to the respiratory system.

A

can cause edema or swelling of the mucous membranes of the nose, pharynx, mouth, and trachea.

45
Q

women may complain of these three things regarding the respiratory system(not dyspnea)

A

nasal stuffiness. epistaxis. voice changes

46
Q

what happens to the blood volume during pregnancy?

A

it increases

47
Q

what does the blood volume increase provide for during pregnancy?(3 things)

A

exchange of nutrients, oxygen, waste of the placenta. expanded maternal tissue. reserve for blood loss at birth.

48
Q

what happens to the pulse rate during pregnancy?

A

it increases

49
Q

what happens to the BMR during pregnancy?

A

it increases

50
Q

when does supine hypotension syndrome happen?

A

when a women is laying flat on her back.

51
Q

what is being compressed in supine hypotension syndrome and by what?

A

the inferior vena cava is being compressed by the uterus.

52
Q

reduced blood flow returned from the heart=

A

poor venous return

53
Q

three symptoms of supine hypotension syndrome

A

faintness. lightheadedness. dizziness.

54
Q

what four things can pregnancy cause to the cardiovascular system?

A

orthostatic hypotension. palpitations. dilutional anemia. increased clotting factors in the 2nd and 3rd trimester.

55
Q

Hct normal does what during pregnancy

A

decreases

56
Q

what can the normal Hct be in a pregnant female?

A

33% instead of 36%

57
Q

what two effects does pregnancy have on the GI system?

A

appetite and thirst may increase. delay in gastric emptying and intestinal movement.

58
Q

progesterone causes…. and leads to….

A

caueses ureters to lose tone and leads to urinary stasis

59
Q

urinary stasis leads to

A

UTI

60
Q

these glands become more active in pregnancy

A

sweat and sebaceous glands

61
Q

what three posture changes occur in pregnancy?

A

low back aches. waddling gait. change in center of gravity.

62
Q

normal Hct=

A

36%-48%

63
Q

normal Hct in pregnancy=

A

33%-46%

64
Q

interventions concerning safety should be apart of…

A

prenatal education

65
Q

normal weight gain for pregnancy=

A

25-35lbs.

66
Q

gaining more weight requires….

A

investigation

67
Q

how much should calories be increased by during pregnancy?

A

300

68
Q

these three nutrients will need to be increased in a pregnant woman.

A

protein. calcium. iron

69
Q

four foods that contain adequate calcium

A

milk. green leafy vegetables. salmon. legumes.

70
Q

four foods that contain adequate folic acid

A

liver. beef. dark green leafy vegetables. potatoes.

71
Q

why does the mother need more iron during pregnancy

A

because the baby takes it and uses it for the first three to six months of life

72
Q

nutritional considerations for the adolescent during pregnancy.

A

still growing and needs increased nutrition

73
Q

nutritional considerations for sodium during pregnancy

A

no restrictions just watch

74
Q

nutritional considerations for vegetarians

A

need to worry about protein. they need to get their protein from tofu or soy

75
Q

pica=

A

eating things like clay and starch

76
Q

how many increased calories should be consumed during lactation

A

500

77
Q

what is the goal of exercise during pregnancy?

A

maintenance of fitness, not improvement or weight loss.

78
Q

elevated temperature can impact the fetus how?

A

impact fetal circulation and cardiac function

79
Q

when should exercise be avoided in pregnancy

A

in hot and humid weather

80
Q

these two activities should be avoided in pregancy

A

scuba diving and sky diving(high altitudes)

81
Q

intensity of exercise should be modified based on what test?

A

the talk test

82
Q

what are eight common discomforts in pregnancy?

A

fatigue. constipation. hemorrhoids. vaginal discharge. backache. varicose veins. leg cramps. edema.

83
Q

what can constipation be from in pregnancy?

A

iron

84
Q

what should be done if someone has varicose veins?

A

elevate the legs due to slow venous return

85
Q

what are the three developmental stages of the father?

A

announcement. adjustment. focus

86
Q

announcement stage=

A

when the pregnancy is confirmed

87
Q

adjustment stage=

A

planning for the child

88
Q

focus stage=

A

active plans for participation in labor and the birth process

89
Q

we need to include the father to what extent?

A

to the extent that the father and mother desire

90
Q

this influences the roles of fathers

A

cultural values

MC Test #1 (3 decks)

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