Block 3 Buckets Flashcards by Joshua Borkosky

List the drugs in the cross reactivity bucket

PCN with cephalosporins (2-10% chance)
PCN with carbapenams (< 2% chance)
Celacoxib with sulfa drugs
Sulfonylureas with sulfa drugs
Thiazides with sulfa drugs
Loop Diruetcis with sulfa drugs

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List the drugs in the “don’t use in pregnancy bucket and state why.

Methimazole (Use PTU)
Renin Inhibitors
Neprylisin Inhibitors (Entresto)
Warfarin
Plasminogen Activators
Any NSAID - premature closing of PDA (use APAP)
Misoprostil - stimulates uterine contraction
Tetracyclines - yellow teeth
Fluoroquinolones - soft tissue deformities
Ribavirin - teratogenic

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List the drugs in the QD dosing bucket

Amlodipine, xarelto, montelukast, oxaprozin, ceftriaxone, fluconazole, emtricitabine, baloxavir

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List the drugs in the QT prolongation bucket

Methadone, fluoroquinolones, macroliodes, -azoles (except isavuconazole), sotalol, cisapride

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List the drugs in the long half-life bucket

Piroxicam (40 - 50h)
Meloxicam (15 - 20h)
Naltrexone
Azithromycin (take for 5 days, lasts about 3 weeks)
Methadone

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List the drugs in the “lowers seizure threshold” bucket

Contrave
Tramadol
Carbapenems (meropenem lowers it the least)
Meperidine (in renal failure patients)

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List the drugs in the hydrophilic bucket.

Inhaled corticosteroids
PO Vancomycin
Ampho B
Morphine

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List drugs in the “must monitor LFTs” bucket.

Diclofenac, -azoles, Allylamines, aectaminophen

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List the drugs in the OTC bucket.

fluticasone, aspirin, naproxen, ibuprofen, aecetaminophen, terbinafine/naftifine, dextromethorphan, primatine mist (epi), cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, ranitidine, omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole

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List drugs in the combination products bucket.

Qsymia (phentermine and topiramate)
Contrave (buproprion and naltrexone)
Entresto (sacubitril and valsartan)
Advair diskus (fluticasone and salmeterol)
Arthrotec (diclofenac and misoprostol) - inc gut mucus
Percocet (oxycodone and APAP)
Percodan (oxycodone and aspirin)
Vicodin / Lortab (hydrocodone and APAP)
Augmentin (amoxicillin and clavulonic acid) - PO
Unasyn (ampicillin and sulbactam) - IV
Timentin (ticarcillin and clavulanate) - ES PCN
Zosyn (piperacillin and tazobactam) - ES PCN
Primaxin (imipenem and cilastatin) - dec nephrotoxicity
Ceph-bactam combos - just know they exist
IV Voriconazole - add cyclodextrin to get in sol’n (A/E - inc nephrotoxicity)

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List the drugs in the endotracheal tube bucket.

naloxone, atropine, lidocaine, epinephrine

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List the drugs in the black box warning bucket.

GLP-1 agonists - thyroid tumors
Neprilysin inhibitors (entresto) - fetal toxicity
Itraconazole - CHF, negative inotropy
Fluoroquinolones - tendon rupture
Tigecycline - increases mortality
Cisapride - QT prolongation

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List the drugs in the “take on an empty stomach” bucket.

Synthroid, Ampilcillin, PCN, PO Itraconazole, Voriconazole

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List the drugs in the “covers atypicals” bucket.

Macrolides - best

Fluoroquinolones - ok

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List the drugs in the chelators bucket.

Tetracyclines, Fluoroquinolones, Sucralafate, Baloxavir

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List the drugs in the pseudomonas bucket.

Ceftazidime
Cefapime
ES PCNs
Carbapenems EXCEPT ertapenem
Ciprofloxacin (only PO option)
Aminoglycosides (neomycin, gentamycin, tobramycin)

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List the drugs in the MRSA bucket

Hospital Acquired: Vancomycin, Ceftaroline, Linezolid

Community Acquired: Bactrim, Clindamycin

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List the drugs in the ween from opiate use disorder bucket.

Naltrexone, Methadone, Buprenorphine

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List the drugs in the chlamydia/gonorrhea bucket.

Azithromycin and Ceftriaxone
Can choose ceftriaxone and ciprofolxacin
Always order RPR also - test for syphilis

List the drugs in the candida coverage bucket.

Fluconazole (except for C Glabrata and Krusei)
Itraconazole
Voriconazole (DOC for aspergillus)
Ampho B
Echinocandins
Flucytosine

List the drugs in the cryptococcus bucket.

Fluconazole
Ampho B
Flucytosine

List the drugs in the histoplasmosis bucket.

Itraconazole

Ampho B

List the drugs in the aspergillus bucket.

Voriconazole
Posaconazole
Isavuconazole
Ampho B
Echinocandins

List the drugs in the mucor bucket.

Posaconazole

Isavuconazole

List the drugs in the "avoid in children" bucket.

Aspirin - Reyes Syndrome Tetracyclines - yellow teeth Fluoroquinolones - soft tissue

List the drugs in the lethal injection bucket

Potassium, Paralytic, Sedative

List the drugs in the hepatic encephalopathy bucket

Neomycin PO Lactulose Rifaximin PO

List the drugs in the positive inotrope bucket

Digoxin, dobutamine, dopamine, epi, norepi

List the effects in the anti-Ach side effects bucket

``` Constipation Dry mouth (xerostomia) Urinary Retention Sedation Tachycardia ```

List the drugs in the "beta blockers for CHF" bucket.

metoprolol, bisoprolol, carvedilol

List the drugs in the "calcium channel blockers for CHF" bucket.

amlodipine (best) and nifedipine

List the drugs in the prodrug bucket.

enalapril --> enalaprilat valacyclovir --> acyclovir valganciclovir --> ganciclovir (PO for CMV)

List the drugs in the "beta blockers that block alpha 1" bucket.

carvedilol and labetalol

List the beta blockers in the migraine prophylaxis bucket.

atenolol, metoprolol, nadolol, nebivolol, propranolol, timolol

List the drugs in the glaucoma bucket.

timolol and acetazolamide

List the drugs in the ototoxicity bucket.

loop diuretics NSAIDs - piroxicam and ASA Aminoglycosides

List the drugs in the photosensitivity bucket.

thiazides - HCTZ and Chydrochlorthiazide

List the drugs in the thrombocytopenia bucket.

ticlopidine, heparin (HIT), H2 receptor blockers, linezolid

List the drugs in the "slow-on, slow-off" bucket.

Levothyroxine/Synthroid Warfarin Clopidogrel Proton Pump Inhibitors

List the drugs in the OD treatment bucket.

``` HyperK --> CaCl Digoxin OD --> digibind Dabigitran OD --> Praxbind (only NOAC that can be reversed) Heparin OD --> IV Protamine Opioid OD --> Naloxone ```

List the drugs in the meningitis bucket.

Meningococcal (Nisseria) --> Minocycline Adult Meningitis --> Ceftriaxone (double dose) Newborn Meningitis (Listeria) --> Ampicillin Cryptococcal --> Ampho B (IV) and Flucytosine (PO)

List the drugs in the CMV bucket

``` Acyclovir - not preferred Valacyclovir - not preferred Ganciclovir Valganciclovir - allows for PO treatment foscarnet - resistant CMV Cidofovir ```

List the drugs in the "for HIV but also cover HBV" bucket.

Lamivudine -- BID Emtricitabine -- QD Tenofovir disoproxil (TDF) Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)

List the drugs in the live vaccines bucket.

MMR, varicella zoster, zostavax (shingles - not hot)

List the drugs in the killed vaccines bucket.

shingrix (shingles - hot), IPV (polio), influenza, Hep A, Hep B, rabies

List the drugs in the covid treatment bucket.

remdesivir (only hospitalized patients on O2 - 5 days) Antibody therapy Steroids - dexmethasone

List the drugs in the covid vaccines bucket.

Maderna - antibodies attached to caronavirus spikes | Pfizer - mRNA that programs human cells to make the caronavirus spikes