Block 2 Flashcards
IL-__ and IL-__ lead to T cells
2
7
IL-__ leads to B cells
4
do B or T cells perform somatic mutation during generation of antibody binding diversity
B
is VDJ associated with light or heavy chain of an antibody
heavy
is VJ associated with light or heavy chain of an antibody
light
what is junctional diversity during antibody generation
nucleotides are added or deleted during V(D)J recombination by Tdt enzyme to produce hypervariable regions
what is somatic hypermutation
mutations in V genes of heavy or light chains in the germinal center for B cells, with the goal to produce high affinity antibodies
*B cells only, occurs in dark zone of germinal center
what 3 enzymes are needed for
V(D) J recombination
RAG-1
RAG-2
TdT
what is the main V(D)J recombination gene
RAG
what happens if there is a decrease in TdT for V(D)J recombination
decrease in antibody diversity
what is another name for hypervariable region
complementarity determining region
what is the result of agammaglobinulinemia
inability to make antibodies
with x linked mutation causing agammaglobinemia, what gene is mutated
BTK
where is the first checkpoint in B cell receptor development
between pre-BCR and immature B
what gene segment do light chains of antibodies not have
D
what is receptor editing during B cell receptor development
if the rearranged kappa chain fails to bind, try the kappa on the chromosome from the other parent
if recombination still fails, it is tried `on the lambda chain
at the immature B cell level, if the receptor binds, signals are delivered that promote survival and there is a shutdown of what gene activity
RAG
when B cells just come out of bone marrow, they express both Ig__ and Ig__
M
D
where does isotype switch occur
germinal center light zone
what is the difference in structure between membrane bound Ig and secreted Ig
membrane bound has a hydrophobic tail that anchors it to the membrane
what enzyme associated with CD4 and CD8 mediates phosphorylation to transmit a signal
LCK
the alpha chain of T cells is similar to the __ chain of B cells, as they both are involved in VJ recombination
light
the complementarity determining region (hypervariable region) of a TCR variable region interacts with __ of an MHC molecule
peptide
in T cells, VDJ recombination occurs between __ and __
double - —> double +