Block 1 Flashcards
what are cytokines
molecules involved in cell signaling that bind to specific cell surface receptors, mediating a downstream effect
what are 4 examples of cytokines
interleukins
interferons
colony stimulating factors
tumor necrosis factor
what cells are included in the myeloid lineage
granulocytes
monocytes
what cells are included in the lymphoid lineage
agranulocytes
NK cells
what cells are granulocytes
neutrophils
eosinophils
basophils
what are CD markers
antibody tags to tag specific types of cells
what is flow cytometry used for
to phenotype individual cells
in flow cytometry, what does forward scatter look at
how big the cell is
in flow cytometry, what does side scatter look at
degree of granulation
MHC is represented as an __
ID badge
what type of innate immune cells also act as antigen presenting cells
macrophages
dendritic cells
what are naive lymphocytes
lymphocytes before they encounter and respond to an antigen
MHC class I pathway is restricted to __ T cells (CD__ cells)
killer
CD8
MHC class II pathway is restricted to __ T cells (CD__ cells)
helper
CD4
what 2 cell types are phagocytes
neutrophils
macrophages (monocytes in blood)
do phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) function as part of the innate or adaptive immune system
innate
phagocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) are important in what bodily response
inflammation
what cell is the first line of defense against microorganisms
neutrophils
are neutrophils more mobile or stationary
mobile
what is the main mechanism of bacterial destruction
oxidative burst (toxic oxygen derived products)
what is oxidative burst
rapid release of superoxide and H2O2
what are the 3 enzymes involved in oxidative burst
NADH oxidase
superoxidase dismutase
myeloperoxidase
what does NADPH oxidase do in oxidative burst
NADPH–>NADP+H+
what does superoxide dismutase do in oxidative burst
superoxide–>H2O2