Block 13 Cumulative

Question 1

Nitrousoxide

Answer 1

GABAa agonist and NMDA antagonist

General anesthetic

High MAC-low potency
Low BGC-faster induction

Question 2

Lidocaine

Answer 2

Local anesthetic- block Na channels

Amide- metabolized in liver by p450

Less effective in acidic tissue

Question 3

Tetracaine

Answer 3

Local anesthetic- block Na channels

Ester-metabolized by esterase

Greater allergy potential

Less effective in acidic tissue

Question 4

Morphine

Answer 4

Full opioid agonist

Presynaptically: inhibits Ca channel

Postsynaptically: open K channel

Question 5

Aspirin

Answer 5

Irreversible COX 1,2 inhibitor

SE: GI, REye syndrome in kids

Question 6

Ibuprofen

Answer 6

Reversible

Combined with aspirin= No cardiac protection

SE: GI, cardiac risk

Question 7

Acetaminophen

Answer 7

Reversible

SE: hepatic necrosis (NAPQI)- managed by acetylcysteine

Question 8

Diphenhydramine

Answer 8

1st gen H1 receptor antagonist

Sedation, anti motion sickness

Question 9

Loratidine

Answer 9

2nd gen H1 receptor antagonist

No sedation or anti motion sickness

Question 10

Methotrexate

Answer 10

DOC RA

Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase

SE: megaloblastic anemia- take folic acid

Question 11

Hydroxochloroquine

Answer 11

RA

Decreases T cells and chemotaxis

SE: corneal deposits, blurred vision, night blindness

Question 12

Allopurinol

Answer 12

Gout

Decrease Uric acid by inhibiting xanthine oxidase

DI: azathioprine- increases 6-MP

Maintenance