Block 1 Terms Flashcards
This is on naive T cells; it recognizes chemokines to bring them to the PALS in spleen and paracortex in lymph node
CCR7
Naïve T cells express & binds to carbohydrate ligands expressed only on the endothelial cells of HEVs.
L-Selectin
This is present on Activated T cells to draw T cells out of the nodes into the blood/circulation
Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors
TNFα
Cytokine that attracts neutrophils. Produced by macrophages and dendritic cells
Cytokine that attracts neutrophils. Produced by macrophages and dendritic cells.
It plays a significant role in linking innate immunity and adaptive immunity
-pro-inflammatory cytokine
TNFα
Cytokine that attracts neutrophils. Produced by macrophages and dendritic cells.
- It plays a significant role in linking innate immunity and adaptive immunity
- stimulates inflammation
IL-1
Cytokine that plays a significant role in linking innate immunity and adaptive immunity
IL-6
This is an example of a Pattern Recognition Receptor in Innate Immunity which activates NF-κB and IRF-3
-they activate microbial function of macrophages
Toll-like receptors
This is an example of a Pattern Recognition Receptor in Innate Immunity
-microbial proteins have these, which are recognized by the receptor on the cell surface
N-formyl methionyl receptor
An example of a Pattern Recognition Receptor in Innate Immunity
- they don’t recognize our self-cell glycoprotein but recognize bacteria
- when these bind their ligands, they trigger phagocytosis of microbes
Mannose Receptor
this is activated by TLRs,
- it is Responsible for genes that activate the cells in the blood vessel in the endothelium that are in the area of the infection; promotes expression of various cytokines and endothelial adhesion molecules
NF-κB
this is activated by TLRs, stimulates production of antiviral type I interferons, cytokines that block viral replication
IRF-3
this is a part of the innate immune system - they go into membrane and form “carpet wormholes” = cell lysis
Defensins
these are important in leukocyte transmigration through blood vessels/inter-cellular junctions of vascular endothelial cells
PECAM-1
Present on Endothelial cells, recognizes carbs on leukocytes
plays an important rold in recruitment of cells to inflammatory sites.
E- Selectin
Cytokine in innate and adaptive immunity
- released by NK cells,
- activates macrophages to kill phagocytosed microbes
IFN-γ
this recognizes microbes coated with C3b (opsonin) to = phagocytosis
CR1
Converts O2 to superoxide anion and free radicals
Phagocyte (NADPH) oxidase
converts arginine to nitric oxide(NO)
iNOS
- Cytokine released by macrophages, recognized by NK cells which secrete IFN-γ for phagocytosis
- stimulaes differentiation into TH1 T-cells
IL- 12
Specific for IgG bound Ab, used in ADCC (antibody- dependent cellular cytotoxicity), recruits NK cells for apoptosis
FcgRIIIA receptor
Activating receptors on NK cells found in cytoplasmic tails
immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs)
- Inhibitory Receptors on NK cells, -Specific for Class I MHC receptors, block signaling from activating receptors
- found in cytoplasmic domains
immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs
(ITIMs)
Secreted by macrophages to work on macrophages and inhibit IL-12
IL-10
Receptor on T cells that recognize costimulators for signal #2 in activation
CD28
Example of a costimulator that is recognized by the CD28 receptors on T Cells. Made by macrophages
B7
Product of complement which is an opsonin and recognized by macrophages
C3b
Interacts with CR2 Type 2 complement receptor on B cells to activate(2nd signal) along with antigen
C3d
Type 2 complement receptor on B cells used a 2nd signal to activate B cells
CR2
Invariant and is the binding site for CD8+ T cells
α3 domain on MHC I
Variant and form the peptide binding cleft
α1 and α2 domains on MHC Class I
Invariant and is the binding site for CD4+ T cells
β2 domain of class II
Variant and form the peptide binding cleft
α1 and β1 domains on MHC Class II
Expressed on all nucleated cell, present antigen to CD8+ T cells
Acquire peptides from cytosolic proteins
Class I MHC molecules
Expressed on dendritic cells, macrophages and B lymphocytes and present antigen to CD4+ T cells
Acquire peptides from intracellular vesicles (endosomes, phagosomes)
Class II MHC molecules
Protein chain present on MHC class II to block the peptide binding cleft to stop binding endogenous peptides made for the Class I pathway. Also facilitates the transport of MHC Class II to the endosome from the ER.
invariant chain protein (Ii)
Proteins that grab endogenous peptides and brings them to the ER to interact with MHC class I
TAP proteins
atalyzes the removal of the CLIP peptide and facilitates the binding of the peptide antigens.
HLA- DM
What remains of the invariant chain after most has been degraded once it gets to the endosome.
Remains in the binding cleft.
CLIP (Class II Invariant chain Peptide)
The peptides that bind the MHC molecules and stimulate an immune response. Only certain peptides on the antigens can bind to the MHC molecule so these “epitopes” that bind start their immune response
Immunodominant Epitopes
