Block 1 Flashcards
what is the primary purpose of air traffic control?
A service operated by appropriate authority to promote safe, orderly and expeditious flow of traffic.
What is the duty of a Controller?
Give first priority to separating aircraft and issuing safety alerts as required
What are the priorities of a Controller?
Provide air traffic control service to aircraft on a first come, first served basis as circumstances permit
AIRCRAFT IN DISTRESS HAS THE RIGHT OF WAY OVER ALL OTHER AIR TRAFFIC
Lifeguard, Search &Rescue, Presidential, Flight Check, Night Watch, FLYNET, Garden Plot, SAMP, Scoot, NOAA, Open Skies, Diverted Flights
What is the frequency of Clearance Delivery?
126.90/226.90
What is the frequency of Ground Control?(North &South)
- 70/225.70
121. 90/221.90
What is the frequency of Local Control? (North & South)
- 20/257.80
118. 20/257.60
What is the frequency of Academy Approach?
- 20/261.00
119. 50/252.60
What is the frequency of Aerocentre?
- 00/336.00
135. 00/335.00
Who was the man who developed the first scheduled air service?
Thomas Benoist
Who was the man who developed the Air Traffic Control?
Archie League
Who was the man who developed the design of the Traffic Separation Rules?
Glen Gilbert
Who was the man who developed the first control center?
Ear Ward
What is the US postal Service’s role in the development of lighted airways during night flights?
Lighted the transcontinental route with a series of bonfires.
Replaced with rotating beacons in 1921 in Ohio.
In 1923 similar beacons were placed between chicago and cheyenne.
What was the first Approach radar?
Ground Controlled approach (GCA)
What is ground control approach?
Approach radar used by the military in WW2 10-20 miles before the runway. Using a antenna that would move on small angles covering horizontally and vertically the “cone”within which the landing aircraft is found.
What is Primary radar?
Visual within 1 mile of runway
Position correlation
Identifying turns
What is Secondary radar?
Shows target and other information( callsign, squawk code, altitude, ground speed, etc.)
What is radio based navigation?
Electronic device, airborne or otherwise that provides point to point guidance or position information to aircraft in flight.
Radios in the aircraft provide a means of navigation and communication with ground stations.
What is satellite base navigation?
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) – satellite navigation system
What is GNSS?
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)
Provides highly accurate position, velocity and precise time information globally to unlimited users.
What is GPS?
United States based satellite based radio navigational, positioning and time transfer system operated by the DOD(dept of defense)
Designed so that at any point around the Earth, a minimum of five satellites are always observable for the user.
Three satellites are required for 2 dimensional accuracy.
four satellites are required for 3 dimensional accuracy.
What is NDB frequency?
Low to medium frequency
What is NDB Acronym?
Non directional Radio Beacon
NDB Experiences erroneous information T or F
T- Lightening, Precipitation, static and operations after dark can cause erroneous information.
How does NDB work?
In the aircraft: a needle points to the station based on the signal taken in by the receiver.
Uses include airborne radio direction finding, instrument approaches, and holding.
Compass Locator: a radio beacon used in conjunction with an ILS
Transmit continuous three letter identification in Morse Code
Transmission stops during voice transmissions
What is VOR acronym?
VHF Omni directional Range
VOR Experiences erroneous information T or F
F- Very High Frequency transmission allows operation free of errors from atmospheric static
What is the course accuracy for VOR?
Course accuracy is +/-1%
How does VOR work?
Used for navigation for civil aircraft by way of line of sight with the station
Transmits 360 magnetic courses or radials orientated from the station
In the aircraft: pilots can choose any of the 360 radials and navigate it to or from the station.
What is TACAN acronym ?
Tactical Air Navigation
What is TACAN used for ?
Used by suitably equipped aircraft (military) by providing a continuous indication of bearing and distance to the station
What is TACAN frequency?
Ultra-high frequency bands broadcast bearing and distance information.
TACAN has the same classification, range, and restrictions as VOR. T or F
True
TACAN has the same classification, range, and restrictions as NDB. T or F
False
What is DME Acronym ?
Distance Measuring Equipment
What is DME used for ?
Used for measuring slant range between a ground based station and appropriately equipped airborne aircraft
The distance information is slant range as opposed to horizontal distance
How does DME work?
A signal is sent from the aircraft on a singular frequency; the station receives the signal and sends the same signal back on a different frequency.
The time it takes the signal to return to the aircraft is translated into distance.
Requires line of sight
What is the accuracy of DME ?
Accuracy better than ½ mile or 3% of the distance (whichever is greater)
What is the frequency of DME?
DME operates on UHF spectrum – VOR equipped aircraft must have DME airborne unit.
What is VORTAC stand for ?
VHF Omnidirectional Range/Tactical Air Navigation
What is VORTAC used for ?
VORTAC consists of the two components VOR and TACAN allowing for both military and civilian use.
VOR azimuth
TACAN azimuth
TACAN distance (DME)
What is VORTAC communication transmitted ?
Unified navigational aid consisting of more than one component, more than one operating frequency, and utilization of more than one antenna system.
Signals are transmitted by a three letter Morse Code identifier paired over both VOR and TACAN so appropriately equipped pilots can be assured accuracy when using the station.
What is ILS stand for ?
Instrument Landing System
How accurate is ILS?
Glide Slope: provides vertical or up/down guidance along the descent path toward the touchdown zone of the runway (3º)
Accurate up to 10NM at most sites; some glideslopes have been certified for accuracy greater than 10NM
What do marker beacons do?(ILS)
Marker Beacons: provide range information along the approach path.
Identify locations on the approach to an instrument runway
Ordinarily there are two beacons – Outer Marker (OM) and Middle Marker (MM)
What are the components of ILS?
Localizer: provides horizontal or left/right guidance along the extended centerline of the runway
VHF band transmitted from the far end of the runway
Backcourse: transmits from the antenna the opposite way of the approach
Identified by a three letter Morse Code identifier preceded by an ‘I’
Accurate up to 18NM from the antenna
What is the visual information of ILS ?
Visual Information: transition from instrument to visual flight (approach lights, touchdown zone, centerline, runway lights, etc.)
How many satellite are used for 3 dimensional ?
4 satellites
How many satellite are used for 2 dimensional ?
3 satellites
What is the FSS acronym?
Flight Service Station
What is a FSS?
An air traffic facility which provides pilot briefings, flight plan processing, en route radio communications, search and rescue services, and assistance to lost aircraft and aircraft in emergency situations. FSSs also relay ATC clearances, process Notices to Airmen, broadcast aviation weather and aeronautical information, and notify Customs and Border Protection of transborder flights
What is ATCT stand for ?
Air Traffic Control Towers
What are the three types of towers?
Federal
Military
Contract
What are the 4 positions of a ATCT?
Flight Data
Clearance Delivery
Ground Control
Local Control
What are the control aircraft on the surface?
5-10 NM radius of the airport
Departure and Arrival Aircraft
What does TRACON stand for ?
Terminal Radar Approach Control
How far will TRACON controllers work traffic ?
5-40nm radius from airport
What is TRACON?
Up-Downs: TRACON consolidated with a Control Tower.
Controllers will typically be trained to work both floors.
Departures: aircraft on climb out from the airport up to cruising altitude or ceiling of facility airspace.
Arrivals: aircraft on approach to the airport using vectors or timed approaches.
What does ARTCC stand for ?
Air Route Traffic Control Centers
What do ARTCC control?
Controllers monitor aircraft in the ‘en route’ environment
Aircraft are at altitude or climbing to
Monitor aircraft at high altitudes for the majority of the flight time
Controllers oversee aircraft at ‘uncontrolled airports’
Airports that do not have control towers, FAA or otherwise.
Traffic Management Unit
Alter aircraft routes as necessary
Establish “mile in trail” standards
Center Weather Service Unit
Forecast weather and brief controllers on current and projected weather
What does ATCSCC stand for ?
Air Traffic Control System Command Center
What does ATCSCC do ?
Oversees all ATC operations and aids in easing traffic
Determines necessity to reroute or hold traffic (Delays)
Organization works ‘behind the scenes’
What is scholastic action?
The instructor exercises their authority to handle the matter in a way that affects the student’s grade for the course.
What is disciplinary action?
Instructors handling the matter as Disciplinary will refer the case to the Associate Dean of Student Life for resolution.
What is collusion?
Collusion means the unauthorized collaboration with another person in preparing any academic work offered for credit.
