Bleeding, thrombosis and transfusion Flashcards
what do platelets do
adhere to damage endothelium and aggregate to form platelet plug
they don’t just form the clot!!! more specific and only create part of the plug
haemophilia vs platelet disorders+von willebrands: type of bleeding
haemophilia = bleeding into muscles/joints
platelet disorders and vWD = mucocutaneous bleeding
examples of mucocutaneous bleeding
easy bruising prolonged bleeding from cuts epistaxs spontaneous gum bleeding menorrhagia bleeding after ops/trauma etc
liver disase associated with bleed since produces what 2 things?
coag factors
fibrinogen
what time is prolonged in liver disease
PTT
why is vit K deficiency associated with bleeding
needed for synthesis of coag factors II, VII, XI and X
what time is prolonged in vit K deficiency
PTT
treatment of vit k deficiency
IV vit K
asprin and clopidogrel vs hep and warfarin
aspirin and clopidogrel = antiplatelet (affect function)
heparin and warfarin affect coag cascade
thrombus in arterial vs venous circulation
arterial: = high pressure => platelet rich
venous: = low pressure => fibrin rich
genetic causes of venous thrombosis (5)
factor V leiden PT20210A antithrombin deficiency protein C deficiency protein s deficiency
heparin mode of action
binds to antithrombin and increases its activity (indirect thrombin inhibitor)
what time is affected by heparin
APTT
aspirin mode of action vs clopidogrel
similar (bot affect platelet aggregation)
aspirin thromboxane formation and .,. platelet aggregation
-clopidogrel inibits ADP induced platelet aggretation
early hazards of blood transufsion
ABO incompatibility refaction
fluid overload
febrile reactions
bacterial infection
