blake Flashcards

1
Q

sodium reacting with oxygen
observations:

A

4Na(s) + O2(g) -> 2Na2O(s)

  • yellow flame
  • white solid formed
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2
Q

magnesium reacting with oxygen
observations:

A

2Mg(s) + O2(g) -> 2MgO(s)

  • bright white flame
  • white solid formed
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3
Q

aluminium reacting with oxygen
observations:

A

4Al(s) + 3O2(g0 -> 2Al2O3

  • white solid
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4
Q

silicon reacting with oxygen
observations:

A

Si(s) + O2(g) -> SiO2(g)
(silicon dioxide is a giant covalent compound)

  • white solid
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5
Q

phosphorous reacting with oxygen
observations:

A

P4(s) + O2(g) -> P4O10

  • bright white flame
  • white solid formed
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6
Q

sulfur reacting with oxygen
observations:

A

S(s) +02(g) -> SO2(g)
2SO2(s) +02(g) -> 2SO3(g)

  • blue flame
  • colourless gas (SO2)
  • colourless liquid (SO3)
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7
Q

MgO (ionic) melting points

A

high melting point as there is a higher charge so stronger electrostatic attraction. Also is smaller, so has a higher charge density

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8
Q

Al2O3 (ionic) melting points

A

ionic with “some covalent character” which lowers the melting point

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9
Q

SiO2 (giant covalent) melting points

A

strong covalent bonds must break to melt the compounds

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10
Q

P4O10 (simple molecular) melting points

A

IMF forces must be broken. it has a relatively high Mr (284), the van der waals forces are quite strong

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11
Q

SO2 compared with SO3 melting points

A

Despite SO2 having dipole-dipole forces, the melting point of SO3 is higher due to a greater Mr resulting in larger Van der Waal force between molecules

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12
Q

period 3 oxides + water
sodium oxide

A

Na2O(s) + H20(l) -> 2NaOH(aq)
pH = 14

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13
Q

period 3 oxides + water
magnesium oxide

A

MgO(s) + H2O(l) -> Mg(OH)2(s)
pH= 9
Mg(OH)2 has limited solubility

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14
Q

period 3 oxides + water
aluminium oxide

A

Al2O3(s) + H2O(l) -> does not dissolve in water
pH = 7

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15
Q

period 3 oxides + water
silicon oxide

A

SiO2(s) + H2O(l) -> does not dissolve in water
pH = 7

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16
Q

period 3 oxides + water
phosphorus oxide

A

P4O10(s) + 6H2O -> 4H3PO4(aq)
pH=0

17
Q

period 3 oxides + water
sulfur dioxide

A

SO2(g) + H2O -> H2SO3
reversible reaction so it’s a weak acid
pH = 3

18
Q

period 3 oxides + water
sulfur trioxide

A

SO3(g) + H2O -> H2SO4
strong acid
pH = 0

19
Q

H3PO4 shape
what can it dissociate to make

A

tetrahedral 109.5

  • H2PO4 -
  • HPO4 2-
  • PO4 3-
20
Q

H2SO3 shape
what can it disassociate to make

A

pyramidal

  • HSO3 -
  • SO3 2-
21
Q

H2SO4 shape
what can it disassociate to make

A

tetrahedral

  • HSO4 -
  • SO4 2-
22
Q

what is an acid

A

H+/ proton donor

23
Q

what is a base

A

proton acceptor

24
Q

alkali reaction of period 3 oxides

Na20 + 2HCL

A

2Nacl + H20

25
alkali reaction of period3 oxides Na20 + H2SO4
Na2SO4 + H20
26
alkali reaction of period3 oxides MgO + 2HCL
MgO + 2HCL -> MgCL2 + H20
27
alkali reaction of period 3 oxides MgO + H2SO4
MgO + H2SO4 -> MgSO4 + H2O
28
alkali reaction of period 3 oxides Al2O3 + 6HCL
Al2O3 + 6HCL -> 2AlCl3 + 3H2O
29
alkali reaction of period3 oxides Al2O3 + 3H2SO4
Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
30
acid reaction of period 3 oxides Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O
Al2O3 + 2NaOH + 3H2O -> 2NaAl(OH)4
31
acid reaction of period 3 oxides SiO2 + 2NaOH
SiO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SiO3 + H2O
32
acid reaction of period 3 oxides P4O10 + 12NaOH
P4O10 + 12NaOH -> 4Na3PO4 + 6H2O
33
acid reaction of period 3 oxides SO2 + 2NaOH
SO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO3 + H2O
34
acid reaction of period 3 oxides SO3 + 2NaOH
SO2 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + H2O
35
period 3 oxides- reacting with each other 6Na2O + P4O10
6Na2O + P4O10 -> 4Na3PO4
36
period 3 oxides- reacting with each other 6MgO + P4O10
6MgO + P4O10 -> 2Mg3(PO4)2
37
what is an amphoteric example?
can act as both an acid or a base under different conditions Al2O3