Bladder cancer Flashcards
What is the most common type of bladder cancer?
Transitional cell carcinoma
What are the types of bladder cancer?
TCC
SCC= common where schistosomiasis is endemic
Adneocarcinoma= rare
What are the risk factors for bladder TCC?
Male
>50
Smoker
Aromatic amine exposure- e.g.. benzene, purine, quinolone
What are the features if bladder cancer?
Common= Painless frank haematuria
Dysuria, nocturne, urgency
Recurrent UTI
pain
What investigations are done for frank haematuria?
> 50= flexible cystoscopy in 2 weeks
What investigations are done for microscopic haematuria?
> 50= flexible cystoscopy in 4-6 weeks
What investigations are done for bladder cancer?
Flexible cystoscopy
CT urogram
US
What is the management of low grade bladder cancer?
Endoscopic resection and single instillation intravesical chemo
what is the management of a high grade bladder cancer?
Endoscopic resection and intravesical BCG
What is the management of muscle invasive bladder cancer?
Neoadjuvant chemo
Radical cystectomy or radiotherapy
How is bladder cancer classed?
Grade
Muscle invasion
