Bladder Cancer

Question 1

How does bladder cancer present?

Answer 1

Painless haematuria is always a cancer unless proven otherwise

Question 2

What are the 3 most common bladder cancer types?
Which is the most prevalent in the Ireland?
Does it occur more in males or females?

Answer 2

Question 3

What are the main RF for bladder Ca

Answer 3

Question 4

What is the gold standard investigation for bladder cancer?

Answer 4

TURBT (Trans-urethral resection of bladder tumour). It is diagnostic +staging, and therapeutic

Question 5

What investigations will you perform for a patient with suspected bladder cancer?

Answer 5

Question 6

What is the management of bladder cancer with appropriate escalations (basically explain like a long case)

Answer 6

If the cancer is in situ or low grade…(Tis/1)
1) Intravesical BCG Immunotherapy (as a single dose or a 6-week course)
2) TURBT

If higher grade (T2+)
3) Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy
4) Radical cystectomy
5) Pelvic exenteration

Question 7

What is involved in a radical cystectomy

Answer 7

Question 8

What is the chance of recurrence after a TURBT?

Answer 8

80% recur after first attempt