Bladder And Bowel Care

Question 1

Polyuria

Answer 1

Excessive production of urine.

Question 2

Dysuria

Answer 2

Painful or difficult urination.

Question 3

Haematuria

Answer 3

Blood in the urine.

Question 4

Proteinuria

Answer 4

Abnormally high presence of protein in the urine which may indicate pre eclampsia or damage to the kidneys.

Question 5

Urinalysis

Answer 5

A screening test of the urine to detect disease or abnormal conditions.

Question 6

GFR

Answer 6

Glomerular Filtration Rate. The rate at which the kidneys filter through fluids.

Question 7

Glycosuria

Answer 7

An excess of sugar in the urine. Could be an indication of diabetes.

Question 8

Origuria

Answer 8

The production of abnormally small amounts of urine.

Question 9

Micturition

Answer 9

The act of passing urine.

Question 10

Clostridium Difficile

Answer 10

A bacteria which effects the bowel and causes excessive diarrhoea. Tends to occur when someone is taking a series of antibiotics.

Question 11

Specific Gravity

Answer 11

Compares the density of water to the density of urine. Can be used to determine how effectively the kidneys are filtering through fluids and also hydration levels.

Question 12

M.S.U.

Answer 12

Midstream Specimen (of) Urine

Question 13

Clean Catch Specimen

Answer 13

Method of collecting a urine sample to be tested using urinalysis for infection or other abnormalities.

Question 14

Diuresis

Answer 14

The increased or excessive production of urine.

Question 15

Anuria

Answer 15

No urine output whatsoever.

Question 16

Ketonuria

Answer 16

The presence of excessive ketones in the urine.

Question 17

Enuresis

Answer 17

Involuntary urine secretion (e.g. Wetting the bed).

Question 18

Urge incontinance

Answer 18

Whilst experiencing urgency, the individual in question is unable to reach the toilet in time and is therefore incontinant.

Question 19

Stress incontinance

Answer 19

Involuntary loss of urine during increase in abdominal pressure (e.g. When coughing, sneezing, laughing).

Question 20

Overflow Incontinance

Answer 20

Bladder is simply full and as a result overflows, resulting in urine secretion.

Question 21

Constipation

Answer 21

Infrequent or difficult passing of faeces.

Question 22

Malaena

Answer 22

Stools are black and tarry due to blood being present.

Question 23

Pruritusani

Answer 23

Chronic itching in the anal region. Can be a result of worms or other infections.

Question 24

Steatorrhoea

Answer 24

Excessive fat in the faeces.

Question 25

Tenesmus

Answer 25

Straining and pain during stool passing or urinating.

Question 26

Meconium

Answer 26

The initial stool passed by a newborn.

Question 27

Why would we carry out catheterisation? Give 3 reasons.

Answer 27

1. Prior to a LSCS
2. During labour if a woman is unable to pass urine or if an epidural is in place
3. To accurately monitor fluid balance (if a woman has experienced sepsis or preeclampsia)

Question 28

How much water must we inflate the catheter with to hold it in place?

Answer 28

10 ml

Question 29

What must we document following catheterisation? 5 things.

Answer 29

• date
• time
• signature
• consent
• catheter details (e.g. type, size, expiration date, lot number).