Black initiatives Flashcards
Who was Orval Faubus and what court order did he try to block?
He was governor of arkansas and tried to block a federal court order directing little rock high school to admit nine qualified African American students
How did president Eisenhower respond to Orvals attempts?
After a meeting with Eisenhower Faubus agreed to use the national gurad to protect the students as they went to school
What did Orval do immediately after the meeting with Eisenhower? what were local police forced to do?
Dismissed the national gurad leaving the students at the mercy of the mob. Forced to evacuate the children from the school
What did eisenhowever do after Orvals betrayel?
Sent paratroopers from the national gurad to surround the school and protect the students
What was faubuses last effort to stop the little rock nine? did it work?
Closed the school in 1958 but it was reopened after direct federal intervention through a court order
By the end of the 1950s what percentage of black students were enrolled in desegregated schools in the deep south?
Less than 1%
Who by and when was CORE founded?
Founded by a committee of students at the university of Chicago in June 1942
What did core seek to do?
To intergrate resteraunts, snack bars, lunch bars and public restrooms through non violent resistance
When did CORE’s membership see rapid expansion
The mid 1940s
What were CORE’s preferred methods of protest?
Freedom rides and sit ins
How many people were sent on the Reconciliation? why? and what was the levels of publicity?
8 black men 8 white men. To test the supreme courts ruling that declared segergation in interstate travel unconsituational. Recieved much publciity for the movement.
Since when had buses in montgomery alabama been segregated?
Since the creation of the Jim Crow Laws
Was what the law surrounding buses? who defied these laws?
Municipal law stated that a black person must give up their seat to a white person if asked. Rosa Parks
Who was selected to lead the boycott?
MLK
How was the bus boycott an imediate sucess?
40,000 black people stayed off buses
